カディ

この記事は、 インド料理についての説明である。ウガンダのイスラム裁判官の用語については、 en:Qadiを参照してください。

カディ
赤唐辛子を添えたカディ
フルコース	昼食または夕食
発祥地	India
地域	ラージャスターン州
関連食文化	インド料理
提供時温度	温かいまたは熱い
主な材料	ダヒ（ヨーグルト）、グラム粉、野菜、水
派生料理	カディ・チャワル、カディ・バリ、ラージャスターン・カディ、グジャラート・カディ、パンジャーブ・カディ、シンディ・カディ、マハラシュトラ・カディ、トリニダード・クリヒー
Cookbook

カディ(Kadhi)（ヒンディー語: कढ़ी）またはカリー(karhi)は、インドのラージャスターン州発祥のヨーグルトベースの料理である。ベサン（グラム粉）とスパイスを加えたヨーグルトを、とろみがつき、ピリッとしたグレービーになるまで煮込んで作られる。時にはパコラ（揚げフリッター）と混ぜて供されることもある。炊き込みご飯やロティと一緒に食べることが多い。

語源

「カディ」という言葉は、サンスクリット語の語根「kvathita (क्वथित)」に由来し、これはウコン、アサフェティダ、バターミルクの煎じ液または粥を指す。サンスクリット語の文献では、カディは「kvathika (क्वथिका)」という名前で言及されている。

起源

カディはラージャスターン州の乾燥した地域で生まれたと考えられており、料理人たちは野菜の入手が限られていたため乳製品を取り入れていた。

Although Punjabis may have a strong association with kadhi-chawal, its origins trace back to Rajasthan, according to Celebrity Chef Kunal Kapur. Historically, kadhi was first crafted in Rajasthan before spreading to Gujarat and Sindh regions. Chef Kunal elaborates that kadhi was traditionally concocted when households had surplus milk, which was churned into butter, leaving behind buttermilk (chaas) to be used in preparing kadhi.

Variations

India

Kadhi is generally considered a staple everyday food in many parts of India and is thought to aid in digestion. In Gujarat and Rajasthan, it is usually served with khichdi, roti, paratha, or rice. Gujarati and Rajasthani kadhi differ from the Uttar Pradesh variety. Gujarati kadhi is a little sweeter than the other variants because sugar or jaggery is added to it, but it can be made without sugar for a more sour taste. It is eaten without pakoras, and its consistency is slightly thinner. Gujarati kadhi may be made from buttermilk, which gives it a smoother texture compared to yogurt. Variations of this basic dish include the addition of certain vegetables, notably bhindi (okra); kadhi containing okra is known as bhinda ni kadhi. In Punjab, kadhi is a simple and quick winter meal. Unlike the rest of India, yogurt may or may not be added – full-fat buttermilk may be used instead, although some households still prefer to use yogurt. Depending on the region, kadhi is commonly tempered with red chili peppers, cumin, coriander seeds, asafoetida, and fenugreek seeds.

In Western India, especially in coastal Maharashtra and in the Konkan region, kadhi is made with kokum, creating a variant called solkadhi. Other variants of kadhi in Maharashtra are made with kacchi kairi (raw mango), which is known as aambyachi kadhi (raw mango kadhi). Another variant of kadhi in Maharashtra is made with curd and buttermilk; this is known as takachi kadhi.

In Haryana, a popular variation is called haryanvi hara choley kadhi, made with besan and hare choley (raw green chickpeas) plus pure ghee, which is added during serving. Haryanvi kadhi is sometimes cooked with additional ingredients, such as seasonal farm-fresh green bathua leaves or kachri, a kind of small, wild melon.

In Purvanchal (eastern Uttar Pradesh) and Bihar, it is called kadhi-badi because of the addition of pakoras, small badi (or vadi) made out of chickpea flour, with no vegetables added (unlike standard pakora).

The name kadhi is also derived from several Indo-Aryan languages spoken in northern India, in which काढ़ना kadhna means 'to take out,' which, in this context, means to reduce, so the yogurt and chickpea curry is cooked for a very long time until it is reduced and the consistency changes from runny to thick and creamy.

In Southern states, it is seasoned with sauteed asafoetida, mustard seeds, cumin, and fenugreek. The soup is thickened in a different way by the addition of pureed split chickpeas soaked overnight with whole coriander seeds and dry red chili pepper. Squash, okra, tomato, Chinese spinach, carrots, and sweet peas are some of the vegetables that are added to the seasoning before bringing the soup to a boil. Pakoras (gram flour fritters) are added for special occasions like ceremonies. It is called majjige huli in Kannada, majjiga pulusu in Telugu, and mor kuzhambu in Tamil; all of these names have similar meanings. In Kerala, it is called kaalan.

The Sindhi diaspora in India usually make kadhi by roasting the chickpea flour and adding vegetables to the chickpea gravy. It is called kadhi because of the use of curry leaves, which are called kadhi patta in Sindhi. Instead of yogurt, tamarind pulp is used to give it a sour taste. An alternate method is to make a liquid mixture of chickpea flour instead of roasting chickpeas.

Pakistan

Popular in Southern Pakistan, Karachi, and Hyderabad. It can be made with the addition of vegetables such as drumstick beans.

In Pakistan, kadhi is usually served with steamed rice and naan. Thari people commonly refer to kadhi as raabro or khaatiyo.

In Northern Pakistan, in and around the Hazara region of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province, kadhi can be prepared with a variety of additives such as chicken, pumpkin, and sarson ka saag.

In Karachi and Hyderabad, Sindh, in addition to plain kadhi, a variety of vegetables such as okra, aubergine, and drumstick beans may be added. In Pakistan, kadhi is generally understood to always include fritters.

Trinidad and Tobago

Diwali meal with kurhi on the rice, curry channa and aloo, mango tarkari, bhaji, and paratha.

Kurhi was brought to Trinidad and Tobago by the indentured Indians from Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, and Jharkhand in the 19th and 20th century. It is a staple dish served with rice and other tarkaris at poojas, yajnas, Indian weddings, and Hindu religious festivals. It made in a similar preparation to its Indian counterpart, with the exception of dahi and grind dhal (yellow split-pea flour) is used instead of besan flour. It is made with pholouries (also referred to as "boulders") being placed in the grind dhal mixture.

関連項目

• Rajasthani Cuisine/ja
• カディ-チュルマ
• Kadhi chawal/ja
• Gujarati kadhi/ja
• インド料理の一覧
• List of soups/ja
• List of stews/ja