Created page with "ほとんどが蒸したり揚げたりして作られ、米やもち米をベースにしているため、{{Lang|ms|kuih}}は西洋のオーブンで焼いたケーキやパフペストリーとは食感、風味、見た目が大きく異なる。ほとんどの{{Lang|ms|kuih}}は甘く、デザートとして分類され食べられるが、中には塩味のものもある。{{Lang|ms|kuih}}は祝祭の重要な特徴であり、伝統的に家庭で..."
* '''[[Red tortoise cake|Ang koo kueh]]''' (Chinese: 紅龜粿), a small round or oval-shaped Chinese pastry with red-coloured soft sticky glutinous rice flour skin wrapped around a sweet filling in the centre.
* '''[[Apam balik]],''' a turnover pancake with a texture similar to a crumpet with crisp edges, made from a thin flour-based batter with [[leavening agent|raising agent]]. It is typically cooked on a griddle and topped with caster sugar, ground peanut, creamed corn, and grated coconut in the middle, and then turned over. Many different takes on this dish exist as part of the culinary repertoire of the Malay, Chinese, Peranakan, Indonesian, and ethnic Bornean communities, all under different names.
* '''[[Bahulu]],''' tiny crusty sponge cakes which come in distinctive shapes like buttons and goldfish, acquired from being baked in moulded pans. {{Lang|ms|Bahulu}} is usually baked and served for festive occasions.
* '''Cek Mek Molek''' is a sweet snack popular in Kelantan and Terengganu, which is made from mashed sweet potatoes mixed with flour, shaped into small ovals, and filled with sugar.
* '''[[Cucur]],''' deep-fried fritters, sometimes known as {{Lang|ms|jemput-jemput}}. Typical varieties include {{Lang|ms|cucur udang}} (fritters studded with a whole unshelled prawn), {{Lang|ms|cucur badak}} (sweet potato fritters), and ''[[cokodok|cucur kodok]]'' (banana fritters).
* '''[[Dadar gulung|Dadar/ketayap]],''' a rolled crepe (usually flavoured with pandan juice) and filled with grated sweet coconut filling (flavoured with palm sugar).
* '''[[Jelurut (kuih)|Jelurut]],''' also known as {{Lang|ms|kuih selorot}} in Sarawak, this {{Lang|ms|kuih}} is made from a mixture of {{Lang|ms|gula apong}} and rice flour, then rolled with palm leaves into cones and steamed.
* '''Jongkong''', a traditional treat from Perak. It is a soft, steamed kuih made from a combination of rice flour, green pandan custard, and a sweet palm sugar (gula Melaka) filling. The layers typically consist of a green pandan layer on top, a rich coconut milk layer in the middle, and melted palm sugar at the bottom.
* '''[[Niangao]]''' (Chinese : 年糕) or {{Lang|ms|kuih bakul}}, a brown sticky and sweet rice cake customarily associated with Chinese New Year festivities. It is also available year-round as a popular street food, made with pieces of {{Lang|ms|niangao}} sandwiched between slices of taro and sweet potato, dipped in batter and deep-fried.
* Nona Manis is a traditional Malaysian dessert known for its soft, vibrant green exterior made with pandan and coconut milk, encasing a rich, creamy coconut custard center. Its name, meaning “Sweet Lady,” reflects its delicate texture and appealing sweetness. The contrast between the fragrant pandan layer and the luscious, slightly savory coconut filling creates a unique flavor that is both nostalgic and beloved, often enjoyed during festive occasions and as a teatime treat.
* '''[[Kueh Pie Tee/ja|パイ・ティー]]''':この[[:en:Peranakans|ニョニャ]]の特産品は、薄切り野菜とエビの辛くて甘い混合物が詰められた、薄くてサクサクしたペストリータルトシェルである。
* '''[[Kueh Pie Tee|Pie tee]]''', this [[Peranakans|Nyonya]] speciality is a thin and crispy pastry tart shell filled with a spicy, sweet mixture of thinly-sliced vegetables and prawns.
* '''[[Klepon|Onde onde]],''' small round balls made from glutinous rice flour coloured and flavoured with pandan, filled with palm sugar syrup and rolled in freshly grated coconut.
* '''[[Taro cake/ja#In other cultures|オー・クエ]]'''(中国語:芋粿):タロイモ(マレーシアでは一般的に「ヤム」として知られる)、乾燥エビ、米粉で作られた蒸し塩味ケーキ。揚げたエシャロット、ネギ、スライスした唐辛子、乾燥エビがトッピングされ、通常チリディッピングソースが添えられる。
* '''[[Taro cake#In other cultures|Or kuih]]''' (Chinese : 芋粿), a steamed savoury cake made from pieces of taro (commonly known as "yam" in Malaysia), dried prawns and rice flour. It is then topped with deep fried shallots, spring onions, sliced chilli and dried prawns, and usually served with a chilli dipping sauce.
* '''[[Pinjaram (kuih)|Pinjaram or penyaram]],''' a saucer-shaped deep fried fritter with crisp edges and a dense, chewy texture towards the centre. It is widely sold by street food vendors in the open air markets of East Malaysia.
* '''[[Seri muka]],''' a two-layered {{Lang|ms|kuih}} with steamed glutinous rice forming the bottom half and a green custard layer made with pandan juice.
* '''Tahi Itik''', a traditional Malay dessert that originates from the east coast of Malaysia, particularly in Kelantan. Despite its rather unappealing name—which translates literally to “duck droppings”—the kuih is actually a sweet and cherished delicacy. It is made primarily from egg whites, sugar, and rice flour, and sometimes flavored with fragrant pandan. The dessert has a soft, sticky, and slightly chewy texture, and is usually served with a rich syrup made from coconut milk and palm sugar. The name “tahi itik” comes from its lumpy, irregular appearance, which is said to resemble duck droppings.
* '''[[Wajid (kuih)|Wajid]]''' or {{Lang|ms|wajik}}, a compressed Malay confection made of glutinous rice cooked with coconut milk and {{Lang|ms|gula melaka}}.
* '''[[Mee Siput Muar|Mee siput muar]],''' a deep-fried circular dried noodle snack, made from flour with other ingredients, eaten with {{Lang|ms|sambal}}.
* '''[[Rempeyek]],''' a deep-fried savoury cracker, made from flour with other ingredients, bound or coated by crispy flour batter.
Desserts and sweets in Malaysia are diverse, due to the multi-ethnic and multicultural characteristics of its society. Traditional Malay and Nyonya desserts tend to share a common feature however: generous amounts of [[coconut milk]] are used, and the finished product usually flavoured with [[gula melaka]] (palm sugar) and pandan leaves. Some notable desserts include:
* '''[[Agar agar]],''' the Malay word for a species of red algae. A natural vegetarian gelatin counterpart, agar-agar is used to make puddings and flavoured jellies like [[almond tofu]], as well as fruit [[aspic]]s.
* '''[[Ais kacang/ja|アイスカチャン]]''':''air batu campur''またはABCと略されることもあるこのデザートは、かき氷をベースに、色付きシロップ、エバミルクまたはコンデンスミルク、そして様々なトッピングが施される。これらには、スイートコーンの粒、小豆、キドニービーンズ、''cincau''([[grass jelly/ja|仙草ゼリー]])、[[cendol/ja|チェンドル]]、ブア・アタップ([[Nypa fruticans/ja|ニッパヤシ]]の実)、浸したバジルシード、ピーナッツ、アイスクリームが含まれることがある。
* '''[[Ais kacang]],''' also known as ''air batu campur'' or abbreviated as ABC, this dessert consists of a base of shaved ice, coloured syrup, and evaporated or condensed milk with a variety of toppings. These may include sweet corn kernels, red beans, kidney beans, ''cincau'' ([[grass jelly]]), [[cendol]], buah atap (fruit of the [[Nypa fruticans|nipa palm]]), soaked basil seeds, peanuts, and ice cream.
* '''Aiskrim potong,''' an ice cream popsicle made from coconut milk or milk, flavoured with localised ingredients like red beans, rose syrup, durian, pandan, creamed corn and jackfruit. Its texture is different from Western ice cream; aiskrim potong is less creamy and has a slightly starchy taste when it begins to melt.
* '''Bolu cocu,''' a traditional Kristang cake topped with liberal amounts of shredded coconut and served with a custard sauce.
* '''[[Bubur cha cha/ja|ブブール・チャチャ]]''':バナナ、サツマイモ、タロイモ、黒目豆、サゴパールをパンダン風味のココナッツミルクで煮込んだニョニャデザート。温かくても冷たくても提供される。
* '''[[Bubur cha cha]],''' a Nyonya dessert of bananas, sweet potatoes, taro, black eyed beans and sago pearls cooked in pandan-flavoured coconut milk. May be served hot or cold.
* '''[[Bubur kacang hijau/ja|ブブール・チャンカオ]]''':ココナッツミルクで煮込み、パームシュガーまたはサトウキビ糖で甘くした緑豆粥。クリスタンコミュニティでは''canje mungoo''と呼ばれ、通常、洗礼者ヨハネの祝日(Festa da San Juang)に合わせて提供される。
* '''[[Bubur kacang hijau]],''' mung bean porridge cooked with coconut milk and sweetened with palm or cane sugar. It is called canje mungoo by the Kristang community, and is usually served in conjunction with the feast day of St John the Baptist (Festa da San Juang).
* '''[[Cendol]],''' smooth green-coloured droplets made from mung bean or rice flour, usually served by itself in chilled coconut milk and ''gula melaka'', or as a topping for ABC. In Malacca, mashed durian is a popular topping for cendol.
* '''[[Barfi|Coconut candy]],''' a confection of grated coconut, sugar, condensed milk, flavouring and colouring, coconut candies are a popular sweet served at homes during festive occasions and available at restaurants specialising in Indian sweets.
* '''[[Dadiah|Dadih]],''' a Malay dairy-based dessert made from milk, sugar and salt which has been acidified with whey (obtained by fermenting milk overnight with ''asam gelugur'') and steamed to form a custard like texture. Although popular in contemporary recipes, agar agar is not used as a gelling agent for authentic ''dadih''.
* '''[[Dodol]],''' a sweet, sticky, and thick toffee-like confection, made with heavily reduced coconut milk, jaggery, and rice flour. Commonly served during festivals such as Eid ul-Fitr and Eid al-Adha as sweet treats for children.
* '''[[Halva|Halva or Halwa]],''' the term refers to a range of dense and sweet confections in Malaysia bearing similar names, though they may have little in common in terms of ingredients and texture. Various types of fudge-like flour and nut-based halva cooked with ghee, which are based on traditional recipes brought over from India, are commonly available at specialist sweet shops and regularly prepared by the Indian communities for festive occasions. The Malay community have different recipes for a range of confectionery bearing similar names, which includes candied fruit and Halwa Maskat, a gelatinous jelly made from flour, ghee and pieces of fruit or nut which is similar in texture to [[Turkish delight]].
* '''Hinompuka,''' a native Sabahan steamed confection traditionally wrapped in ''banana'' or ''irik'' (''phacelophrynium maximum'') leaves. Sold in local markets and is also an essential food item for celebrating weddings, birthdays and festivals, ''hinompuka'' is made with a moistened blend of pounded white glutinous rice and purplish-black glutinous rice (''tadung'') sweetened with brown or palm sugar. Kadazandusun communities beyond Sabah's [[West Coast Division]] make similar desserts but are known under different names, including but not limited to ''bintanok'', ''lompuka'', ''tinapung'', and ''pais''. Variations include the substitution of rice flour batter with grated tapioca or mashed corn kernels; banana leaves or coconut husks as alternative wrappers; and the addition of ripe bananas or freshly grated coconut to the starchy mixture.
* '''[[Laddu|Ladoo]],''' the most popular of all Indian sweetmeats in Malaysia, particularly during [[Diwali|Diwali/Deepavali]] season, ''ladoo'' comes in many different flavours. A typical ''ladoo'' recipe involves cooking chickpea flour, semolina and ground coconut in ghee.
* '''Leng chee kang''' ({{lang-zh|s=莲子羹|j=lin4 zi2 gang1}}, erroneously named '''lai chi kang''' or '''lai chee kang'''), a mixture of cooked ingredients immersed in a [[tong sui|sweet soup]]. Ingredients vary greatly depending on the cook, but lotus seed is always the primary ingredient, and the soup may include dried longan, white fungus, barley, ''kembang semangkuk'' jelly and rock sugar as secondary ingredients. Leng Chee Kang may be served warm or cold.
* '''Matterhorn,''' crushed ice with pineapples, longan, cendol, grass jelly and lemon slices. The Kuching hawker who came up with this popular dessert as well as the original White Lady drink was inspired by the [[Matterhorn]], an ice-capped mountain on the Swiss-Italian border.
* '''[[Mooncake]]''' (Chinese : 月饼), round or rectangular pastries with a rich thick filling, traditionally eaten during the [[Mid-Autumn Festival]] and accompanied with [[Chinese tea]]. Both the traditional baked mooncake and the [[Snow skin mooncake|snow skin version]] are popular and widely available in Malaysia during the festival season.
* '''Nanggiu,''' a Kadazandusun dessert, which consists of jelly noodles made from fresh sago flour cooked in a coconut milk soup sweetened with palm sugar.
* '''[[Kheer#In Southern India|Payasam]],''' a sweet spiced pudding made from starchy staples like rice or vermicelli, payasam is an integral part of traditional South Indian culture.
* '''Pengat,''' a soupy dessert cooked with gula melaka and coconut milk. Also known as ''serawa'', ''pengat'' is made with pieces of fruit like banana, jackfruit and durian, or root vegetables like sweet potatoes and tapioca. It may be reduced further into a thick dipping sauce and served with glutinous rice, ''roti jala'', or [[pancake]]s (''lempeng'').
* '''[[Pisang goreng]],''' a common snack sold by street vendors, battered fried bananas are also served in a more elaborate manner at some cafes and restaurants as a dessert. Cempedak and various tuber vegetables are also battered and fried in the same manner as variations.
* '''[[Puding Diraja/ja|プディング・ディラジャ]]''':ロイヤルプリンとしても知られるこのデザートは、[[:en:Pahang|パハン州]]の[[:en:Sultan of Pahang|王室]]のために開発され提供された。基本的な材料はピサン・ルマッ・マニス(地元産のバナナ)、エバミルク、プルーン、砂糖漬けのチェリー、カシューナッツである。この[[pudding/ja|プディング]]は[[Fios de ovos|ジャラ・エマス]]で飾られ、牛乳とコーンスターチで作られた冷たいソースと共に供される。現在では、ラマダン中や週末の家族のための特別なアフタヌーンティーのおやつとして人気がある。
* '''[[Puding Diraja]],''' also known as Royal Pudding, this dessert was developed and served to the [[Sultan of Pahang|royal family]] of [[Pahang]] state. Its basic ingredients are pisang lemak manis (a local cultivar of banana), evaporated milk, prunes, candied cherries and cashew nuts. The [[pudding]] is garnished with [[Fios de ovos|jala emas]], and served with a cold sauce made from milk and cornflour. Nowadays it is popularly served during Ramadan, as well as a special afternoon tea treat for the family on weekends.
* '''[[Sago pudding]],''' a dessert of cooked translucent sago pearls, which may be served as a liquid dessert with coconut milk and palm sugar, or allowed to set as a pudding (''sagu gula melaka'') and drizzled with thickened coconut milk and ''gula melaka'' syrup.
* '''[[Sarawak layer cake/ja|サラワク・レイヤーケーキ]]''':この有名で複雑なレイヤーケーキは、ハリラヤ、[[:en:Chinese New Year|旧正月]]、[[:en:Gawai Dayak|ガワイ]]、[[:en:Christmas|クリスマス]]など、サラワク州全体で祝われる祝祭には欠かせない。
* '''[[Sarawak layer cake]],''' these famously intricate layer cakes are essential for festive occasions celebrated throughout Sarawak, like Hari Raya, [[Chinese New Year]], [[Gawai Dayak|Gawai]] and [[Christmas]].
* '''[[Tangyuan (food)|Tangyuan]]''' (Chinese : 汤圆 or 湯圓), plain white or coloured sweet dumplings made from glutinous rice flour. Traditionally homemade and eaten during [[Lantern Festival|Yuanxiao]] (Chinese : 元宵) as well as the [[Dongzhi Festival]] (Chinese : 冬至), tangyuan is now available year around sold as dessert. Tangyuan dumplings with filling are usually served in a lightly sweetened clear syrup, while unfilled ones are served as part of a [[tong sui|sweet dessert soup]].
* '''[[Tapai]],''' a popular dessert at Malay homes throughout Peninsular Malaysia during Hari Raya, made from fermented glutinous rice or tapioca. Tapai may be eaten on its own, or served with contemporary toppings like ice cream, chocolate and fruit. Not to be confused with the alcoholic beverage from Sabah, also known as tapai, which is made from the same ingredients and with similar methods but have undergone advanced stages of fermentation to produce alcoholic content.
* '''[[Douhua|Tau foo fah]]''' or Dau Huay (Chinese : 豆腐花 or 豆花), a velvety pudding of very soft [[silken tofu]], traditionally flavoured with a brown sugar syrup.
* '''UFO tart''' (Chinese : 牛屎堆), this consists of a flat, thin base of baked mini butter sponge cake topped with a creamy egg custard, which is in turn crowned with a [[meringue]] slurry. Its name in Chinese literally means "cow pile dung", which alludes to the piped shape of the cake base's toppings and the meringue's darker shade as a result of caramelisation. Popularized by a Hainanese bakery in Sandakan in the 1950s, the popularity of these treats has spread to Kota Kinabalu and several other towns in Sabah.
牛肉はマレーシアの食生活で一般的だが、ヒンドゥー教の一部の信者や特定の中国の民間信仰宗派では牛肉の摂取が禁じられていることは特筆すべきである。牛肉は一般的にカレー、シチュー、ローストとして調理されたり、麺類と一緒に食べられたりする。マレー人は一般的にハラール認証の牛肉を食べる。Government Supervised Muslim Slaughter System (AGSMS) の下で処理されたオーストラリア産牛肉はマレーシアに輸入され、ハラール認証されている。
その他の重要な調味料や付け合わせには、タマリンド(Malay: asam jawa)、特に果実の鞘から抽出されるペースト状の果肉があり、多くの料理に酸味を加える。カンデラナッツ(Malay: buah keras)は、丸くクリーム色で油分が多い点でマカダミアナッツに似ている。カンデラナッツは通常、ソースのとろみ付けにすりつぶして使われる。Lup cheongは、豚肉とスパイスで作られた乾燥中華ソーセージの一種である。主にマレーシア華人コミュニティで使われ、これらの甘いソーセージは通常、非常に薄くスライスされ、風味と食感を加えるために使われる。最近の研究では、一般的に消費されるマレーシア料理62品目に生体アミンが含まれていることが示されている。
「オープンハウス」(Malay: rumah terbuka)として知られる慣習は、祝祭期間中、さらには誕生日や結婚式を祝う手の込んだ行事として人気がある。オープンハウスのイベントは伝統的にホストの家で開かれ、参加者は誰でも、背景に関わらず招かれ、歓迎される。ホストは自費で手作りの料理またはケータリングされた料理を提供し、客がホストに贈り物をしても構わないが、好きなだけ自由に料理を取ることが期待される。オープンハウスのイベントは、特に政府機関や企業が主催する場合、レストランやより大きな公共会場でも開催されることがある。
Gong PianまたはKom Piang:これは、イギリス人によって連れてこられた福州人入植者に関連する、粘土オーブンで焼かれたビスケット/ベーグルのようなものである。より一般的な氏族コミュニティとは異なり、福州人入植者は少数で、主にペラ州のシティアワンとサラワク州のシブに定住した。シティアワンのゴンピエンは一般的に甘いが、シティアワンのゴンピエンは塩辛い。通常、豚肉、ラード、またはタマネギが詰められており、熱くてカリカリのうちに食べるのが一番おいしい。福州料理は独自のものであり、他のより一般的な中国の氏族コミュニティとは異なる。一般的ではなく、主にシティアワンとシブでのみ見ることができる。
ヒナヴァ:ライムジュースでマリネした生の魚の伝統的なカダザン・ドゥスン族の料理である。通常、サバ(hinava sada tongii)のような身の締まった白身魚を、ライムジュース、スライスしたエシャロット、刻んだ唐辛子、千切りにしたショウガ、すりおろしたbambanganの実の乾燥種子でマリネする。オプションで、スライスしたゴーヤを加えることもある。ヒナヴァはエビ(hinava gipan)で作ることもできる。
Lihing:もち米とsasadと呼ばれる天然酵母のみで作られる米酒である。苦甘い味で、ペナンパンのカダザン族コミュニティの特産品であり、現在でも一般的に自家醸造されている。Lihingはチキンスープ(Sup Manuk Lihing)に使ったり、マリネに使ったり、肉のペストリーや炒め物の材料としても使える。自家醸造版よりもはるかに高価だが、品質が安定している市販のlihingも一部の土産物店で入手できる。lihingや他のカダザン・ドゥスン族コミュニティの同様の米酒バリアントは、montokuまたはtalakと呼ばれる蒸留酒を製造するために蒸留されることもある。
Sang nyuk mian(中国語:生肉面):タワウ発祥の、豚骨スープと麺の料理である。サバ州の非ムスリムコミュニティに非常に人気があり、注文を受けてから茹でる柔らかい豚肉のスライスが、揚げたラードの風味の豚骨スープに添えられることから名付けられている。麺(通常は太い黄色い麺)は、濃い醤油とラードで味付けされるか、前述の豚肉のスライス、野菜、ミートボール、内臓と共にスープに浸される。
アイスカチャン:air batu campurまたはABCと略されることもあるこのデザートは、かき氷をベースに、色付きシロップ、エバミルクまたはコンデンスミルク、そして様々なトッピングが施される。これらには、スイートコーンの粒、小豆、キドニービーンズ、cincau(仙草ゼリー)、チェンドル、ブア・アタップ(ニッパヤシの実)、浸したバジルシード、ピーナッツ、アイスクリームが含まれることがある。