ガラムマサラ

グラウンドガラムマサラ

ガラムマサラ(ヒンディー語:گرم مصالحہ/गरम मसाला、garam masālā, hot spices)は、南アジア発祥の挽いたスパイスのブレンドである。インド料理、パキスタン料理、ネパール料理、バングラデシュ料理、スリランカ料理、カリブ海料理では一般的である。単独で、あるいは他の調味料と併用して使用される。 地域によって使用する材料は異なりますが、カルダモン、シナモン、クミン、クローブ、胡椒の実などのブレンドが一般的です。ガラムマサラは、マリネ、ピクルス、シチュー、カレーなど、幅広い料理に使用されています。

Ingredients

Typical ingredients for a garam masala (clockwise from upper left): black peppercorns, mace, cinnamon, cloves, black cardamom, nutmeg, and green cardamom

The composition of garam masala differs regionally, with many recipes across the Indian subcontinent according to regional and personal taste, and none is considered more authentic than another. The components of the mix are roasted, then ground together or added to the dish for flavour just before finishing cooking.

A typical Indian version of garam masala contains (with Hindi/Urdu names in parentheses):

• Fennel (saunf)
• Indian bay leaves or malabathrum (tej patta)
• Black and white peppercorns (kali/safed mirch)
• Cloves (laung)
• Cinnamon or cassia bark (dālacini)
• Mace (outer covering of nutmeg) (javitri)
• Black and green cardamom pods (ilaici)
• Cumin (jīra)
• Coriander seeds (dhania)
• Red chili powder (lāl mirch)

Some recipes call for the spices to be blended with herbs, while others call for the spices to be ground with water, vinegar, or other liquids to make a paste. Some recipes include nuts, onions or garlic, or small quantities of star anise, asafoetida, chili, stone flower (known as dagadphool, lichen), and kababchini (cubeb). The flavours may be blended to achieve a balanced effect, or a single flavour may be emphasized. A masala may be toasted before use to release its flavours and aromas. In the east of the Indian subcontinent, in West Bengal, Orissa, Assam and Bangladesh only cardamom, cinnamon and clove may be substituted for the assortment.

The Burmese masala (မဆလာ) spice blend used in Burmese curries typically consists of ground cinnamon or cassia, cardamon, cloves, and black pepper.

See also

• Baharat
• Bangladeshi cuisine
• Bengali cuisine
• Chaat masala
• Curry powder
• Indian cuisine
• Nepalese cuisine
• Pakistani cuisine
• Spice mix
• Panch phoron (Indian five-spice blend)
• Chinese five-spice blend

External links

• Spices Name in Hindi and English Archived 2022-10-01 at the Wayback Machine