Thiamine/ja: Difference between revisions

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~~Food sources of thiamine include~~ [[whole grain]]s, [[legumes]]~~, and some meats and fish.~~ [[Refined grain|~~Grain processing~~]] ~~removes much of the vitamin content, so in many countries~~ [[cereals]] ~~and~~ [[flour]]~~s are~~ [[food fortification|~~enriched~~]] ~~with thiamine. Supplements and medications are available to treat and prevent~~ [[thiamine deficiency]] ~~and the disorders that result from it such as~~ [[Thiamine deficiency#Dry beriberi|~~beriberi~~]] ~~and~~ [[Wernicke encephalopathy]]~~. They are also used to treat~~ [[maple syrup urine disease]] ~~and~~ [[Leigh syndrome]]~~. Supplements and medications are typically taken~~ [[Route of administration#Oral|~~by mouth~~]]~~, but may also be given by~~ [[intravenous therapy|~~intravenous~~]] or [[intramuscular injection]].

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 チアミン（'''thiamin'''、'''vitamin B<sub>1</sub>'''）は、[[vitamin/ja|ビタミン]]の一種で、[[Nutrient/ja#Micronutrients|必須微量栄養素]]の一つである。食品中に含まれるほか、[[dietary supplement/ja|栄養補助食品]]や[[medication/ja|医薬品]]として商業的に合成されている。チアミンの[[Phosphorylated/ja|リン酸化]]型は、[[Carbohydrate metabolism/ja|グルコース]]や[[amino acid/ja|アミノ酸]]の分解など、いくつかの[[Metabolism/ja|代謝反応]]に必要である。
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+チアミンの食物源としては、[[whole grain/ja|全粒穀物]]、[[legumes/ja|豆類]]、肉や魚がある。[[Refined grain/ja|穀物加工]]はビタミン含有量の多くを除去するため、多くの国では[[cereals/ja|穀物]]や[[flour/ja|小麦粉]]はチアミンで[[food fortification/ja|強化]]されている。サプリメントや医薬品は、[[thiamine deficiency/ja|チアミン欠乏症]]やそれに起因する[[Thiamine deficiency/ja#Dry beriberi|脚気]]や[[Wernicke encephalopathy/ja|ウェルニッケ脳症]]などの障害を治療・予防するために利用できる。また、[[maple syrup urine disease/ja|メープルシロップ尿症]]や[[Leigh syndrome/ja|リー症候群]]の治療にも用いられる。サプリメントや医薬品は通常[[Route of administration/ja#Oral|口から]]摂取されるが、[[intravenous therapy/ja|点滴]]や[[intramuscular injection/ja|筋肉注射]]で投与されることもある。
-Food sources of thiamine include [[whole grain]]s, [[legumes]], and some meats and fish. [[Refined grain|Grain processing]] removes much of the vitamin content, so in many countries [[cereals]] and [[flour]]s are [[food fortification|enriched]] with thiamine. Supplements and medications are available to treat and prevent [[thiamine deficiency]] and the disorders that result from it such as [[Thiamine deficiency#Dry beriberi|beriberi]] and [[Wernicke encephalopathy]]. They are also used to treat [[maple syrup urine disease]] and [[Leigh syndrome]]. Supplements and medications are typically taken [[Route of administration#Oral|by mouth]], but may also be given by [[intravenous therapy|intravenous]] or [[intramuscular injection]].
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