Translations:Blood sugar level/39/en

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I. Chemical methods
A. Oxidation-reduction reaction
Glucose+AlkalinecoppertartarateReductionCuprousoxide
1. Alkaline copper reduction
Folin-Wu method Cu2++PhosphomolybdicacidOxidationPhosphomolybdenumoxide Blue end-product
Benedict's method
  • Modification of Folin–Wu method for qualitative urine glucose.
Nelson–Somogyi method Cu2++ArsenomolybdicacidOxidationArsenomolybdenumoxide Blue end-product.
Neocuproine method Cu2++NeocuproineOxidationCu2+neocuproinecomplex* Yellow-orange color neocuproine
Shaeffer–Hartmann–Somogyi
  • Uses the principle of iodine reaction with cuprous byproduct.
  • Excess I2 is then titrated with thiosulfate.
2. Alkaline Ferricyanide reduction
Hagedorn–Jensen Glucose+AlkalineferricyanideFerrocyanide Colorless end product; other reducing substances interfere with reaction.
B. Condensation
Ortho-toluidine method
Anthrone (phenols) method
  • Forms hydroxymethyl furfural in hot acetic acid
II. Enzymatic methods
A. Glucose oxidase
Glucose+O2OxidationglucoseoxidaseDglucono1,5lactone+H2O2
Saifer–Gerstenfeld method H2O2+O-dianisidineOxidationperoxidaseH2O+oxidizedchromogen Inhibited by reducing substances like BUA, bilirubin, glutathione, ascorbic acid.
Trinder method
Kodak Ektachem
  • A dry chemistry method.
  • Uses spectrophotometry to measure the intensity of color through a lower transparent film.
Glucometer
  • Home monitoring blood glucose assay method.
  • Uses a strip impregnated with a glucose oxidase reagent.
B. Hexokinase

Glucose+ATPPhosphorylationHexokinase+Mg2+G6PO4+ADPG6PO4+NADPOxidationG6PD6Phosphogluconate+NADPH+H+

  • NADP as cofactor.
  • NADPH (reduced product) is measured in 340 nm.
  • More specific than glucose oxidase method due to G-6PO4, which inhibits interfering substances except when sample is hemolyzed.