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...ine/ja|古代イラン医学]]、[[traditional Iranian medicine/ja|イラン伝統医学]]、[[Medicine in the medieval Islamic world/ja|中世イスラム医学]]、[[muti/ja|ムーティ]]、[[Ifá/ja|イファ]]、[[Rong ローマ時代の典拠としては、[[:en:Pliny the Elder|長老プリニウス]]の''[[:en:Natural History (Pliny)|Natural History]]''や[[:en:Aulus Cornelius Celsus|ケルスス]]の''[[:en:De Materia ...

...incense]] (''Boswellia'' spp) in [[Christianity]], [[Nine Herbs Charm]] in the partially Christianized [[Anglo-Saxon paganism|Anglo-Saxon pagan]], and a f ...The Golden Bough]] of [[Aeneas]], ancestor of the [[Ancient Rome|Romans]]. The [[Norse mythology|Norse god]] [[Baldr]] was killed with mistletoe. ...

File:Garlic plate no 6 bv73c1191 bk128b698 crop.jpeg|ニンニク、ヘンリー・マンソン・ライマン著『The Book of Health』、1898年より ニンニクは、東アジア、南アジア、東南アジア、中東、北アフリカ、[[cuisine of the Mediterranean/ja|南ヨーロッパ]]、[[Mujdei/ja|東ヨーロッパ]]、ラテンアメリカの一部など、様々な地域の多くの料理において ...

...s Buchanan|フランシス・ブキャナン]]（植物学者、地理学者でもある）が著書『''A journey from Madras through the countries of Mysore, Canara and Malabar''』（第III巻）に記録している。しかし、[[:en:Deforest ...ア海を横断する時期を調整していた。インドから戻る船は[[:en:Red Sea|紅海]]を上り、そこから貨物は陸路または[[:en:Canal of the Pharaohs|ナイル・紅海運河]]を経由してナイル川へ運ばれ、はしけで[[:en:Alexandria|アレクサンドリア]]へ運ばれ、そこからイタ ...

...トミア競技会]]の勝者の花輪は当初セロリで作られていたが、後に[[pine/ja|松]]で作られた冠に置き換えられた。[[:en:Pliny the Elder|プリニウス]]によると、[[:en:Achaea (Roman province)|アカイア]]では、神聖な[[:en:Nemean Games|ネメ ....gov/grades-standards/celery-grades-and-standards Quality standards], from the [[:en:United States Department of Agriculture|USDA]] website ...

ローマ人がWhen the Romans began to make hard cheeses for their ''[[:ja:軍団兵|軍団兵]]''用のハードチーズを作り始 ...ている。また ''チーズ(cheese)''という言葉は、名詞、動詞、形容詞として、多くの[[#比喩的な表現|比喩的な表現]]に使われる (例えば、"the big cheese", "to be cheesed off", "cheesy lyrics"など)。 ...

...|[[Botánica]]s such as this one in [[Jamaica Plain]], [[Boston]], cater to the [[Hispanic and Latino Americans|Latino]] community and sell folk medicine a ...whether explicable or not, used in the maintenance of health as well as in the prevention, diagnosis, improvement and treatment of physical and mental ill ...

...:color|color]]ing food. Spices are distinguished from [[herb]]s, which are the leaves, flowers, or stems of plants used for [[flavoring]] or as a [[garnis ...pices may be ground into a powder for convenience. A whole dried spice has the longest shelf life, so it can be purchased and stored in larger amounts, ma ...

...|[[Botánica]]s such as this one in [[Jamaica Plain]], [[Boston]], cater to the [[Hispanic and Latino Americans|Latino]] community and sell folk medicine a ...whether explicable or not, used in the maintenance of health as well as in the prevention, diagnosis, improvement and treatment of physical and mental ill ...

...:color|color]]ing food. Spices are distinguished from [[herb]]s, which are the leaves, flowers, or stems of plants used for [[flavoring]] or as a [[garnis ...pices may be ground into a powder for convenience. A whole dried spice has the longest shelf life, so it can be purchased and stored in larger amounts, ma ...

...thumb|upright|[[Cedar of Lebanon]] cone showing flecks of resin as used in the [[mummification]] of [[Pharaoh|Egyptian Pharaohs]].]] ...factors such as [[parasitoid]]s or predators of the herbivores that attack the plant.<ref>"Plant Resins: Chemistry, evolution, ecology, and ethnobotany", ...

...a:Ramayana|Ramayana]]には、クローブのことが書かれている。[[:ja:古代ローマ|ローマ人]]は、[[:en:Pliny the Elder|長老プリニウス]]が書いたように、紀元前1世紀にはクローブを使用していた。スパイスに関する最古の文書記録は、古代エジプト、中国、インドの文化に由来する ...rveilles de Marco Polo-pepper.jpg|thumb|left|胡椒を収穫する''ミュルス''。フランス版''『[[:en:The Travels of Marco Polo|マルコ・ポーロ旅行記]]』''より。]] ...

...[Black Sea]] through the southern [[Caucasus]], northeastern [[Iran]], and the [[Hindu Kush]]; it also grows wild in parts of [[Southern Europe|Mediterran ...]] is by far the largest producer, accounting for over two thirds (73%) of the world's supply in 2021. ...

{{Short description|yellow or white, creamy or solid food made from the pressed curds of milk}} ...ed into finished cheese. Some cheeses have aromatic [[mold]]s on the rind, the outer layer, or throughout. ...

{{Short description|yellow or white, creamy or solid food made from the pressed curds of milk}} ...ed into finished cheese. Some cheeses have aromatic [[mold]]s on the rind, the outer layer, or throughout. ...

...[Black Sea]] through the southern [[Caucasus]], northeastern [[Iran]], and the [[Hindu Kush]]; it also grows wild in parts of [[Southern Europe|Mediterran ...]] is by far the largest producer, accounting for over two thirds (73%) of the world's supply in 2021. ...

{{Short description|Ground fruit of the family Piperaceae}} ...[[Pyrena|stone]] which encloses a single pepper [[seed]]. Peppercorns and the ground pepper derived from them may be described simply as ''pepper'', or m ...

{{Short description|Ground fruit of the family Piperaceae}} ...[[Pyrena|stone]] which encloses a single pepper [[seed]]. Peppercorns and the ground pepper derived from them may be described simply as ''pepper'', or m ...

...香辛料はアラブ人によって地中海に伝えられ、[[:en:Dioscorides|ディオスコリデス]]（40年-90年）や[[:en:Pliny the Elder|大プリニウス]]（24年-79年）などの著述家によって記述された。150年には、[[:en:Ptolemy|プトレマイオス]]が[[:en:Ceylo ...作られている。ケルキラ島の人々と他の[[:en:Ionian Islands|イオニア諸島]]の人々は、[[:en:United States of the Ionian Islands|イオニア諸島合衆国]]時代にイギリス人からこの飲み物を取り入れた。 ...

...is a cultivated plant belonging to the species ''[[Apium graveolens]]'' in the family [[Apiaceae]] that has been used as a [[vegetable]] since ancient tim The original wild species has been selectively bred over centuries into three p ...