Obesity/ja: Difference between revisions

Obesity/ja
Created page with "合併症は、肥満が直接の原因であるか、あるいは食生活の乱れや座りがちな生活習慣など共通の原因を持つメカニズムを通じて間接的に関連している。肥満と特定の疾患との関連性の強さは様々である。最も強いもののひとつは2型糖尿病との関連である。過剰な体脂肪は、男性では糖尿病の症例の64%、女性では77%..."
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Created page with "==== 健康の指標 ==== {{Main/ja|Metabolically healthy obesity/ja}}"
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合併症は、肥満が直接の原因であるか、あるいは食生活の乱れや[[sedentary lifestyle/ja|座りがちな生活習慣]]など共通の原因を持つメカニズムを通じて間接的に関連している。肥満と特定の疾患との関連性の強さは様々である。最も強いもののひとつは[[type 2 diabetes/ja|2型糖尿病]]との関連である。過剰な体脂肪は、男性では糖尿病の症例の64%、女性では77%を引き起こしている。
合併症は、肥満が直接の原因であるか、あるいは食生活の乱れや[[sedentary lifestyle/ja|座りがちな生活習慣]]など共通の原因を持つメカニズムを通じて間接的に関連している。肥満と特定の疾患との関連性の強さは様々である。最も強いもののひとつは[[type 2 diabetes/ja|2型糖尿病]]との関連である。過剰な体脂肪は、男性では糖尿病の症例の64%、女性では77%を引き起こしている。


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健康への影響は大きく2つのカテゴリーに分類される:脂肪量の増加の影響に起因するもの([[osteoarthritis/ja|変形性関節症]][[obstructive sleep apnea/ja|閉塞性睡眠時無呼吸症候群]]、社会的汚名など)と[[fat cells/ja|脂肪細胞]]の増加によるもの([[diabetes mellitus/ja|糖尿病]][[cancer/ja|がん]][[cardiovascular disease/ja|心血管系疾患]][[non-alcoholic fatty liver disease/ja|非アルコール性脂肪肝疾患]])。体脂肪の増加はインスリンに対する身体の反応を変化させ、潜在的に[[insulin resistance/ja|インスリン抵抗性]]を引き起こす。脂肪の増加はまた、[[inflammation/ja|炎症性状態]][[thrombosis/ja|血栓性状態]]を引き起こす。
Health consequences fall into two broad categories: those attributable to the effects of increased fat mass (such as [[osteoarthritis]], [[obstructive sleep apnea]], social stigmatization) and those due to the increased number of [[fat cells]] ([[diabetes mellitus|diabetes]], [[cancer]], [[cardiovascular disease]], [[non-alcoholic fatty liver disease]]). Increases in body fat alter the body's response to insulin, potentially leading to [[insulin resistance]]. Increased fat also creates a [[inflammation|proinflammatory state]], and a [[thrombosis|prothrombotic]] state.
{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
|-
|-
! Medical field
! 医療分野
! Condition
! 状態
! Medical field
! 医療分野
! Condition
! 状態
|-
|-
| width="10%" | [[Cardiology]]
| width="10%" | [[Cardiology/ja]]
|
|
* [[Coronary heart disease]]: [[angina pectoris|angina]] and [[myocardial infarction]]
* [[Coronary heart disease/ja|冠状動脈性心臓病]][[angina pectoris/ja|狭心症]][[myocardial infarction/ja|心筋梗塞]]
* [[Congestive heart failure]]
* [[Congestive heart failure/ja|うっ血性心不全]]
* [[High blood pressure]]
* [[High blood pressure/ja|高血圧]]
* [[Dyslipidemia|Abnormal cholesterol levels]]
* [[Dyslipidemia/ja|コレステロール値の異常]]
* [[Deep vein thrombosis]] and [[pulmonary embolism]]
* [[Deep vein thrombosis/ja|深部静脈血栓症]][[pulmonary embolism/ja|肺塞栓症]]
| [[Dermatology]]
| [[Dermatology/ja]]
|
|
* [[Acanthosis nigricans]]
* [[Acanthosis nigricans/ja]]
* [[Lymphedema]]
* [[Lymphedema/ja]]
* [[Cellulitis]]
* [[Cellulitis/ja]]
* [[Hirsutism]]
* [[Hirsutism/ja]]
* [[Intertrigo]]
* [[Intertrigo/ja]]
|-
|-
| [[Endocrinology]] and [[reproductive medicine]]
| [[Endocrinology/ja]][[reproductive medicine/ja]]
|
|
* [[Diabetes mellitus]]
* [[Diabetes mellitus/ja]]
* [[Polycystic ovarian syndrome]]
* [[Polycystic ovarian syndrome/ja]]
* [[menstruation|Menstrual]] disorders
* [[menstruation/ja|生理]]障害
* [[Infertility]]
* [[Infertility/ja]]
* [[Maternal obesity|Complications during pregnancy]]
* [[Maternal obesity/ja|妊娠中の合併症]]
* [[Birth defects]]
* [[Birth defects/ja]]
* [[Stillbirth|Intrauterine fetal death]]
* [[Stillbirth/ja|子宮内胎児死亡]]
| <!--Alphabetized-->[[Gastroenterology]]
| <!--Alphabetized-->[[Gastroenterology/ja]]
|
|
* [[Gastroesophageal reflux disease]]
* [[Gastroesophageal reflux disease/ja]]
* [[Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease|Fatty liver disease]]
* [[Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease/ja|脂肪肝]]
* [[Cholelithiasis]] (gallstones)
* [[Cholelithiasis/ja]] (胆石)
|-
|-
| [[Neurology]]
| [[Neurology/ja]]
| style="width:40%;" |
| style="width:40%;" |
* [[Stroke]]
* [[Stroke/ja]]
* [[Meralgia paresthetica]]
* [[Meralgia paresthetica/ja]]
* [[Migraines]]
* [[Migraines/ja]]
* [[Carpal tunnel syndrome]]
* [[Carpal tunnel syndrome/ja]]
* [[Dementia]]
* [[Dementia/ja]]
* [[Idiopathic intracranial hypertension]]
* [[Idiopathic intracranial hypertension/ja]]
* [[Multiple sclerosis]]
* [[Multiple sclerosis/ja]]
| [[Oncology]]
| [[Oncology/ja]]
|
|
* [[esophageal cancer|Esophageal]]
* [[esophageal cancer/ja|食道]]
* [[colorectal cancer|Colorectal]]
* [[colorectal cancer/ja|大腸]]
* [[pancreatic cancer|Pancreatic]]
* [[pancreatic cancer/ja|膵臓]]
* [[Gallbladder cancer|Gallbladder]]
* [[Gallbladder cancer/ja|胆嚢]]
* [[Endometrial cancer|Endometrial]]
* [[Endometrial cancer/ja|子宮内膜]]
* [[Renal cell carcinoma|Kidney]]
* [[Renal cell carcinoma/ja|腎臓]]
* [[Leukemia]]
* [[Leukemia/ja]]
* [[Hepatocellular carcinoma]]
* [[Hepatocellular carcinoma/ja]]
* [[Malignant melanoma]]
* [[Malignant melanoma/ja]]
|-
|-
| style="width:10%;" |[[Psychiatry]]
| style="width:10%;" |[[Psychiatry/ja]]
| style="width:40%;" |
| style="width:40%;" |
* [[Major depressive disorder|Depression]] in women
* 女性における[[Major depressive disorder/ja|うつ病]]
* Social [[Social stigma|stigmatization]]
* 社会的[[Social stigma/ja|スティグマティゼーション]]
| [[Respirology]]
| [[Respirology/ja]]
|
|
* [[Sleep apnea|Obstructive sleep apnea]]
* [[Sleep apnea/ja|閉塞性睡眠時無呼吸症候群]]
* [[Obesity hypoventilation syndrome]]
* [[Obesity hypoventilation syndrome/ja]]
* [[Asthma]]
* [[Asthma/ja]]
* Increased complications during [[general anaesthesia]]
* [[general anaesthesia/ja|全身麻酔]]中の合併症の増加
* increased risk of severe COVID-19
* 重症COVID-19のリスクが高まる
|-
|-
| [[Rheumatology]] and [[orthopedics]]
| [[Rheumatology/ja]][[orthopedics/ja]]
|
|
* [[Gout]]
* [[Gout/ja]]
* Poor mobility
* 運動能力が低い
* [[Osteoarthritis]]
* [[Osteoarthritis/ja]]
* [[Low back pain]]
* [[Low back pain/ja]]
| [[Urology]] and [[Nephrology]]
| [[Urology/ja]][[Nephrology/ja]]
|
|
* [[Erectile dysfunction]]
* [[Erectile dysfunction/ja]]
* [[Urinary incontinence]]
* [[Urinary incontinence/ja]]
* [[Chronic renal failure]]
* [[Chronic renal failure/ja]]
* [[Hypogonadism]]
* [[Hypogonadism/ja]]
* [[Buried penis]]
* [[Buried penis/ja]]
|}
|}
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==== 健康の指標 ====
==== Metrics of health ====
{{Main/ja|Metabolically healthy obesity/ja}}
{{Main|Metabolically healthy obesity}}
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