Tags: Mobile edit Mobile web edit |
|
| Line 1: |
Line 1: |
| <languages /> | | <languages /> |
| <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
| | [[File:Glucosidase enzyme.png|thumb|400px|酵素[[glucosidase/ja|グルコシダーゼ]]は糖[[maltose/ja|マルトース]]を2つの[[glucose/ja|グルコース]]に変換する。赤が[[Active site/ja|活性部位]]残基、黒がマルトース基質、[[Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide/ja|NAD]]残基である。黄色は[[Cofactor (biochemistry)/ja|補因子]]。({{PDB|1OBB}})|alt=マルトース糖基質の2つのグルコース生成物への切断を示す矢印が付いたグリコシダーゼのリボン図。]] |
| {{short description|Large biological molecule that acts as a catalyst}}
| | {{Biochemistry sidebar/ja}} |
| [[File:Glucosidase enzyme.png|thumb|400px|The enzyme [[glucosidase]] converts the sugar [[maltose]] into two [[glucose]] sugars. [[Active site]] residues in red, maltose substrate in black, and [[Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide|NAD]] [[Cofactor (biochemistry)|cofactor]] in yellow. ({{PDB|1OBB}})|alt=Ribbon diagram of glycosidase with an arrow showing the cleavage of the maltose sugar substrate into two glucose products.]] | | '''酵素''' ({{IPAc-en|ˈ|ɛ|n|z|aɪ|m|z}}) は、[[chemical reactions/ja|化学反応]]を促進することによって生物学的[[catalyst/ja|触媒]]として働く[[protein/ja|タンパク質]]である。 |
| {{Biochemistry sidebar}} | | 酵素が作用する[[molecules/ja|分子]]は[[substrate (chemistry)/ja|基質]]と呼ばれ、酵素は基質を[[product (chemistry)/ja|生成物]]として知られる異なる分子に変換する。[[cell (biology)/ja|細胞]]内のほとんどすべての[[metabolism/ja|代謝過程]]は、生命を維持するのに十分な速さで起こるために[[enzyme catalysis/ja|酵素触媒]]を必要とする。 |
| '''Enzymes''' ({{IPAc-en|ˈ|ɛ|n|z|aɪ|m|z}}) are [[protein]]s that act as biological [[catalyst]]s by accelerating [[chemical reactions]]. The [[molecules]] upon which enzymes may act are called [[substrate (chemistry)|substrates]], and the enzyme converts the substrates into different molecules known as [[product (chemistry)|products]]. Almost all [[metabolism|metabolic processes]] in the [[cell (biology)|cell]] need [[enzyme catalysis]] in order to occur at rates fast enough to sustain life. [[Metabolic pathway]]s depend upon enzymes to catalyze individual steps. The study of enzymes is called ''enzymology'' and the field of [[pseudoenzyme|pseudoenzyme analysis]] recognizes that during evolution, some enzymes have lost the ability to carry out biological catalysis, which is often reflected in their [[amino acid]] sequences and unusual 'pseudocatalytic' properties. | | [[Metabolic pathway/ja|代謝経路]]は、個々のステップを触媒する酵素に依存している。酵素の研究は''酵素学''と呼ばれ、[[pseudoenzyme/ja|擬似酵素分析]]の分野では、進化の過程で一部の酵素が生物学的触媒作用を遂行する能力を失っていることを認識している。このことはしばしば[[amino acid/ja|アミノ酸]]配列や特異な「擬触媒」特性に反映されている。 |
| </div>
| |
|
| |
|
| <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> | | <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> |
