Internal medicine/ja: Difference between revisions

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== Etymology and historical development ==

[[File:Robert Koch.jpg|thumb|206x206px|[[Robert Koch]], 19th century German physician and microbiologist]]The term ''internal medicine'' in English has its [[etymology]] in the 19th-century German term ''{{Lang|de|Innere Medizin}}''. Originally, internal medicine focused on determining the underlying "internal" or [[pathological]] causes of [[symptoms]] and [[syndrome]]s through a combination of medical tests and bedside [[clinical examination]] of patients. This approach differed from earlier generations of physicians, such as the 17th-century English physician [[Thomas Sydenham]], known as the father of English medicine or "the English [[Hippocrates]]." Sydenham developed the field of [[nosology]] (the study of diseases) through a clinical approach that involved diagnosing and managing diseases based on careful bedside observation of the [[natural history of disease]] and their treatment. Sydenham emphasized understanding the internal mechanisms and causes of symptoms rather than dissecting [[cadaver]]s and scrutinizing the internal workings of the body.