Medicine/en: Difference between revisions

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* ''[[Emergency medicine]]'' is concerned with the diagnosis and treatment of acute or life-threatening conditions, including [[physical trauma|trauma]], surgical, medical, pediatric, and psychiatric emergencies.

* ''[[Family medicine]]'', ''[[family practice]]'', ''[[general practice]]'' or ''primary care'' is, in many countries, the first port-of-call for patients with non-emergency medical problems. Family physicians often provide services across a broad range of settings including office based practices, emergency department coverage, inpatient care, and nursing home care.

[[File:Changing lives for girls and women every week (12330467294).jpg|thumb|[[Gynecologist]] Michel Akotionga of [[Ouagadougou]], [[Burkina Faso]]]]

[[File:Changing lives for girls and women every week (12330467294).jpg|thumb|[[Gynecologist]] Michel Akotionga of [[Wikipedia:Ouagadougou|Ouagadougou]], [[Wikipedia:Burkina Faso|Burkina Faso]]]]

* ''[[Obstetrics]] and [[gynecology]]'' (often abbreviated as ''[[OB/GYN]]'' (American English) or ''Obs & Gynae'' (British English)) are concerned respectively with childbirth and the female reproductive and associated organs. [[Reproductive medicine]] and [[fertility medicine]] are generally practiced by gynecological specialists.

* ''[[Medical genetics]]'' is concerned with the diagnosis and management of hereditary disorders.

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===Interdisciplinary fields===

Some interdisciplinary sub-specialties of medicine include:

* ''[[Aerospace medicine]]'' deals with medical problems related to flying and [[Human spaceflight|space travel]].

* ''[[Aerospace medicine]]'' deals with medical problems related to flying and [[:en:Human spaceflight|space travel]].

* ''[[Addiction medicine]]'' deals with the treatment of addiction.

* ''[[Medical ethics]]'' deals with [[ethic]]al and [[moral]] principles that apply values and judgments to the practice of medicine.

* ''[[Medical ethics]]'' deals with [[Wikipedia:ethic|ethic]]al and [[Wikipedia:moral|moral]] principles that apply values and judgments to the practice of medicine.

* ''[[Biomedical Engineering]]'' is a field dealing with the application of [[engineering]] principles to medical practice.

* ''[[Biomedical Engineering]]'' is a field dealing with the application of [[Wikipedia:engineering|engineering]] principles to medical practice.

* ''[[Clinical pharmacology]]'' is concerned with how systems of [[therapeutics]] interact with patients.

* ''[[Conservation medicine]]'' studies the relationship between human and animal health, and environmental conditions. Also known as ecological medicine, [[environmental medicine]], or [[medical geology]].

* ''[[Disaster medicine]]'' deals with medical aspects of emergency preparedness, disaster mitigation and management.

* ''[[Diving medicine]]'' (or [[hyperbaric medicine]]) is the prevention and treatment of diving-related problems.

* ''[[Evolutionary medicine]]'' is a perspective on medicine derived through applying [[Evolution|evolutionary theory]].

* ''[[Evolutionary medicine]]'' is a perspective on medicine derived through applying [[Wikipedia:Evolution|evolutionary theory|Evolution|evolutionary theory]].

* ''[[Forensic medicine]]'' deals with medical questions in [[legal]] context, such as determination of the time and cause of death, type of weapon used to inflict trauma, reconstruction of the facial features using remains of deceased (skull) thus aiding identification.

* ''[[Forensic medicine]]'' deals with medical questions in [[Wikipedia:legal|legal]] context, such as determination of the time and cause of death, type of weapon used to inflict trauma, reconstruction of the facial features using remains of deceased (skull) thus aiding identification.

* ''[[Gender-based medicine]]'' studies the biological and physiological differences between the human sexes and how that affects differences in disease.

* ''[[Hospice and Palliative Medicine]]'' is a relatively modern branch of clinical medicine that deals with pain and symptom relief and emotional support in patients with [[terminal illness]]es including cancer and [[heart failure]].

* ''[[Hospital medicine]]'' is the general medical care of hospitalized patients. Physicians whose primary professional focus is hospital medicine are called [[hospitalist]]s in the United States and [[Canada]]. The term Most Responsible Physician (MRP) or attending physician is also used interchangeably to describe this role.

* ''[[Hospital medicine]]'' is the general medical care of hospitalized patients. Physicians whose primary professional focus is hospital medicine are called [[hospitalist]]s in the United States and [[Wikipedia:Canada|Canada]]. The term Most Responsible Physician (MRP) or attending physician is also used interchangeably to describe this role.

* ''[[Laser medicine]]'' involves the use of lasers in the diagnostics or treatment of various conditions.

* ''[[Medical humanities]]'' includes the [[humanities]] ([[literature]], [[philosophy]], [[ethics]], history and religion), [[social science]] ([[anthropology]], [[cultural studies]], [[psychology]], [[sociology]]), and the arts ([[literature]], theater, film, and [[visual arts]]) and their application to [[medical education]] and practice.

* ''[[Medical humanities]]'' includes the [[Wikipedia:humanities|humanities]] ([[Wikipedia:literature|literature]], [[Wikipedia:philosophy|philosophy]], [[Wikipedia:ethics|ethics]], history and religion), [[Wikipedia:social science|social science]] ([[Wikipedia:anthropology|anthropology]], [[Wikipedia:cultural studies|cultural studies]], [[Wikipedia:psychology|psychology]], [[Wikipedia:sociology|sociology]]), and the arts ([[Wikipedia:literature|literature]], theater, film, and [[Wikipedia:visual arts|visual arts]]) and their application to [[medical education]] and practice.

* ''[[Health informatics]]'' is a relatively recent field that deal with the application of computers and [[information technology]] to medicine.

* ''[[Health informatics]]'' is a relatively recent field that deal with the application of computers and [[Wikipedia:information technology|information technology]] to medicine.

* ''[[Nosology]]'' is the classification of diseases for various purposes.

* ''[[Nosokinetics]]'' is the science/subject of measuring and modelling the process of care in health and social care systems.

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* ''[[Podiatry|Podiatric medicine]]'' is the study of, diagnosis, and medical treatment of disorders of the foot, ankle, lower limb, hip and lower back.

* ''[[Sexual medicine]]'' is concerned with diagnosing, assessing and treating all disorders related to sexuality.

* ''[[Sports medicine]]'' deals with the treatment and prevention and rehabilitation of sports/exercise injuries such as [[muscle spasm]]s, [[muscle tear]]s, injuries to ligaments (ligament tears or ruptures) and their repair in [[sportsperson|athletes]], [[amateur]] and [[professional]].

* ''[[Sports medicine]]'' deals with the treatment and prevention and rehabilitation of sports/exercise injuries such as [[muscle spasm]]s, [[muscle tear]]s, injuries to ligaments (ligament tears or ruptures) and their repair in [[:en:sportsperson|athletes]], [[Wikipedia:amateur|amateur]] and [[Wikipedia:professional|professional]].

* ''[[Therapeutics]]'' is the field, more commonly referenced in earlier periods of history, of the various remedies that can be used to treat disease and promote health.

* ''[[Travel medicine]]'' or ''emporiatrics'' deals with health problems of international travelers or travelers across highly different environments.

@@ Line 222: / Line 222: @@
 * ''[[Emergency medicine]]'' is concerned with the diagnosis and treatment of acute or life-threatening conditions, including [[physical trauma|trauma]], surgical, medical, pediatric, and psychiatric emergencies.
 * ''[[Family medicine]]'', ''[[family practice]]'', ''[[general practice]]'' or ''primary care'' is, in many countries, the first port-of-call for patients with non-emergency medical problems. Family physicians often provide services across a broad range of settings including office based practices, emergency department coverage, inpatient care, and nursing home care.
-[[File:Changing lives for girls and women every week (12330467294).jpg|thumb|[[Gynecologist]] Michel Akotionga of [[Ouagadougou]], [[Burkina Faso]]]]
+[[File:Changing lives for girls and women every week (12330467294).jpg|thumb|[[Gynecologist]] Michel Akotionga of [[Wikipedia:Ouagadougou|Ouagadougou]], [[Wikipedia:Burkina Faso|Burkina Faso]]]]
 * ''[[Obstetrics]] and [[gynecology]]'' (often abbreviated as ''[[OB/GYN]]'' (American English) or ''Obs & Gynae'' (British English)) are concerned respectively with childbirth and the female reproductive and associated organs. [[Reproductive medicine]] and [[fertility medicine]] are generally practiced by gynecological specialists.
 * ''[[Medical genetics]]'' is concerned with the diagnosis and management of hereditary disorders.
@@ Line 236: / Line 236: @@
 ===Interdisciplinary fields=== <!--Interdisciplinary sub-specialties of medicine redirects here-->
 Some interdisciplinary sub-specialties of medicine include:
-* ''[[Aerospace medicine]]'' deals with medical problems related to flying and [[Human spaceflight|space travel]].
+* ''[[Aerospace medicine]]'' deals with medical problems related to flying and [[:en:Human spaceflight|space travel]].
 * ''[[Addiction medicine]]'' deals with the treatment of addiction.
-* ''[[Medical ethics]]'' deals with [[ethic]]al and [[moral]] principles that apply values and judgments to the practice of medicine.
+* ''[[Medical ethics]]'' deals with [[Wikipedia:ethic|ethic]]al and [[Wikipedia:moral|moral]] principles that apply values and judgments to the practice of medicine.
-* ''[[Biomedical Engineering]]'' is a field dealing with the application of [[engineering]] principles to medical practice.
+* ''[[Biomedical Engineering]]'' is a field dealing with the application of [[Wikipedia:engineering|engineering]] principles to medical practice.
 * ''[[Clinical pharmacology]]'' is concerned with how systems of [[therapeutics]] interact with patients.
 * ''[[Conservation medicine]]'' studies the relationship between human and animal health, and environmental conditions. Also known as ecological medicine, [[environmental medicine]], or [[medical geology]].
 * ''[[Disaster medicine]]'' deals with medical aspects of emergency preparedness, disaster mitigation and management.
 * ''[[Diving medicine]]'' (or [[hyperbaric medicine]]) is the prevention and treatment of diving-related problems.
-* ''[[Evolutionary medicine]]'' is a perspective on medicine derived through applying [[Evolution|evolutionary theory]].
+* ''[[Evolutionary medicine]]'' is a perspective on medicine derived through applying [[Wikipedia:Evolution|evolutionary theory|Evolution|evolutionary theory]].
-* ''[[Forensic medicine]]'' deals with medical questions in [[legal]] context, such as determination of the time and cause of death, type of weapon used to inflict trauma, reconstruction of the facial features using remains of deceased (skull) thus aiding identification.
+* ''[[Forensic medicine]]'' deals with medical questions in [[Wikipedia:legal|legal]] context, such as determination of the time and cause of death, type of weapon used to inflict trauma, reconstruction of the facial features using remains of deceased (skull) thus aiding identification.
 * ''[[Gender-based medicine]]'' studies the biological and physiological differences between the human sexes and how that affects differences in disease.
 * ''[[Hospice and Palliative Medicine]]'' is a relatively modern branch of clinical medicine that deals with pain and symptom relief and emotional support in patients with [[terminal illness]]es including cancer and [[heart failure]].
-* ''[[Hospital medicine]]'' is the general medical care of hospitalized patients. Physicians whose primary professional focus is hospital medicine are called [[hospitalist]]s in the United States and [[Canada]]. The term Most Responsible Physician (MRP) or attending physician is also used interchangeably to describe this role.
+* ''[[Hospital medicine]]'' is the general medical care of hospitalized patients. Physicians whose primary professional focus is hospital medicine are called [[hospitalist]]s in the United States and [[Wikipedia:Canada|Canada]]. The term Most Responsible Physician (MRP) or attending physician is also used interchangeably to describe this role.
 * ''[[Laser medicine]]'' involves the use of lasers in the diagnostics or treatment of various conditions.
-* ''[[Medical humanities]]'' includes the [[humanities]] ([[literature]], [[philosophy]], [[ethics]], history and religion), [[social science]] ([[anthropology]], [[cultural studies]], [[psychology]], [[sociology]]), and the arts ([[literature]], theater, film, and [[visual arts]]) and their application to [[medical education]] and practice.
+* ''[[Medical humanities]]'' includes the [[Wikipedia:humanities|humanities]] ([[Wikipedia:literature|literature]], [[Wikipedia:philosophy|philosophy]], [[Wikipedia:ethics|ethics]], history and religion), [[Wikipedia:social science|social science]] ([[Wikipedia:anthropology|anthropology]], [[Wikipedia:cultural studies|cultural studies]], [[Wikipedia:psychology|psychology]], [[Wikipedia:sociology|sociology]]), and the arts ([[Wikipedia:literature|literature]], theater, film, and [[Wikipedia:visual arts|visual arts]]) and their application to [[medical education]] and practice.
-* ''[[Health informatics]]'' is a relatively recent field that deal with the application of computers and [[information technology]] to medicine.
+* ''[[Health informatics]]'' is a relatively recent field that deal with the application of computers and [[Wikipedia:information technology|information technology]] to medicine.
 * ''[[Nosology]]'' is the classification of diseases for various purposes.
 * ''[[Nosokinetics]]'' is the science/subject of measuring and modelling the process of care in health and social care systems.
@@ Line 259: / Line 259: @@
 * ''[[Podiatry|Podiatric medicine]]'' is the study of, diagnosis, and medical treatment of disorders of the foot, ankle, lower limb, hip and lower back.
 * ''[[Sexual medicine]]'' is concerned with diagnosing, assessing and treating all disorders related to sexuality.
-* ''[[Sports medicine]]'' deals with the treatment and prevention and rehabilitation of sports/exercise injuries such as [[muscle spasm]]s, [[muscle tear]]s, injuries to ligaments (ligament tears or ruptures) and their repair in [[sportsperson|athletes]], [[amateur]] and [[professional]].
+* ''[[Sports medicine]]'' deals with the treatment and prevention and rehabilitation of sports/exercise injuries such as [[muscle spasm]]s, [[muscle tear]]s, injuries to ligaments (ligament tears or ruptures) and their repair in [[:en:sportsperson|athletes]], [[Wikipedia:amateur|amateur]] and [[Wikipedia:professional|professional]].
 * ''[[Therapeutics]]'' is the field, more commonly referenced in earlier periods of history, of the various remedies that can be used to treat disease and promote health.
 * ''[[Travel medicine]]'' or ''emporiatrics'' deals with health problems of international travelers or travelers across highly different environments.