Rice/ja: Difference between revisions

''[[Oryza sativa]]'' rice was first [[Domestication|domesticated]] in [[Neolithic China|China]] 9,000 years ago, by people of [[Neolithic]] cultures in the [[Upper Yangtze|Upper]] and [[Lower Yangtze]], associated with [[Hmong-Mien]]-speakers and [[pre-Austronesians]], respectively. The functional [[allele]] for [[Shattering (agriculture)|nonshattering]], the critical indicator of domestication in grains, as well as five other [[single-nucleotide polymorphism]]s, is identical in both ''indica'' and ''[[Japonica rice|japonica]]''. This implies a single domestication event for ''O. sativa''. Both ''indica'' and ''[[Japonica rice|japonica]]'' forms of Asian rice sprang from a single domestication event in China from the wild rice ''[[Oryza rufipogon]]''. Despite this evidence, it appears that ''indica'' rice arose when ''japonica'' arrived in India about 4,500 years ago and hybridised with another rice, whether an undomesticated proto-''indica'' or wild ''[[Oryza nivara|O. nivara]]''.