Translations:Thiamine/10/ja: Difference between revisions

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** [[transketolase/ja]]
** [[transketolase/ja]]
* いくつかの種に存在する:
* いくつかの種に存在する:
** [[pyruvate decarboxylase/ja|ピルビン酸脱炭酸酵素]]（[[yeast/ja|酵母]]にある)
** [[pyruvate decarboxylase/ja|ピルビン酸脱炭酸酵素]]（[[yeast/ja|酵母]]にある）
** さらにいくつかの[[bacteria/ja|バクテリア]]l酵素がある
** さらにいくつかの[[bacteria/ja|バクテリア]]l酵素がある

Latest revision as of 15:59, 19 February 2024

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Message definition (Thiamine)
===Thiamine pyrophosphate===
{{main|thiamine pyrophosphate}}
{{multiple image
 | align = right
 | direction = vertical
 | width = 220
 | header =
 | image1 = Thiamine_diphosphate_coloured.svg
 | caption1 = Thiamine pyrophosphate (TPP)
 | image2 = TPP-ylide.svg
 | caption2 = The ylide form of TPP
}}
Thiamine pyrophosphate (TPP), also called thiamine diphosphate (ThDP), participates as a coenzyme in metabolic reactions, including those in which [[umpolung|polarity inversion]] takes place. Its synthesis is catalyzed by the enzyme [[thiamine diphosphokinase]] according to the reaction thiamine + ATP → TPP + AMP (EC 2.7.6.2). TPP is a [[coenzyme]] for several enzymes that catalyze the transfer of two-carbon units and in particular the [[dehydrogenation]] ([[decarboxylation]] and subsequent conjugation with [[coenzyme A]]) of 2-oxoacids (alpha-keto acids). The mechanism of action of TPP as a coenzyme relies on its ability to form an [[ylide]]. Examples include:
* Present in most species
** [[pyruvate dehydrogenase]] and 2-[[oxoglutarate dehydrogenase]] (also called [[alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase|α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase]])
** [[branched-chain α-keto acid dehydrogenase]]
** [[2-hydroxyphytanoyl-CoA lyase]]
** [[transketolase]]
* Present in some species:
** [[pyruvate decarboxylase]] (in [[yeast]])
** several additional [[bacteria]]l enzymes

チアミンピロリン酸塩

詳細は「thiamine pyrophosphate/ja」を参照
チアミンピロリン酸（TPP）
TPPのイリド体

チアミンピロリン酸（TPP）は、チアミン二リン酸（ThDP）とも呼ばれ、極性反転が起こる代謝反応などに補酵素として関与する。その合成は酵素チアミン・ジホスホキナーゼによって、チアミン＋ATP→TPP＋AMP（EC 2.7.6.2）という反応に従って触媒される。TPPは、2-オキソ酸（α-ケト酸）の脱水素化（脱炭酸とそれに続くコエンザイム Aとの共役）を触媒するいくつかの酵素の補酵素である。補酵素としてのTPPの作用機序は、イリドを形成する能力に依存している。例えば、以下のようなものがある：

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