Vitamin/ja: Difference between revisions

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~~In 1747, the~~ [[~~Scotland~~|~~Scottish~~]] [[surgeon]] [[James Lind (physician)|James Lind]] ~~discovered that~~ [[citrus]] ~~foods helped prevent scurvy, a particularly deadly disease in which~~ [[collagen]] ~~is not properly formed, causing poor wound healing, bleeding of the~~ [[gingiva|~~gums~~]]~~, severe pain, and death. In 1753, Lind published his~~ ''~~Treatise on the Scurvy~~''~~, which recommended using~~ [[lemon]]~~s and~~ [[Lime (fruit)|~~lime~~]]~~s to avoid [[scurvy]], which was adopted by the British~~ [[Royal Navy]]~~. This led to the nickname~~ ''[[limey]]'' for British sailors. However, during the 19th century, limes grown in the West Indies were substituted for lemons; these were subsequently found to be much lower in vitamin C. As a result, Arctic expeditions continued to be plagued by scurvy and other [[deficiency disease]]~~s. In the early 20th century, when~~ [[Robert Falcon Scott]] ~~made his two expeditions to the~~ [[~~Antarctic~~]]~~, the prevailing medical theory was that scurvy was caused by "tainted"~~ [[~~canning~~|~~canned food~~]].

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+年、[[:ja:スコットランド|スコットランド]]の[[surgeon/ja|外科医]][[:en:James Lind (physician)|James Lind]]が、[[citrus/ja|柑橘類]]食品が壊血病の予防に役立つことを発見した。壊血病は[[collagen/ja|コラーゲン]]が適切に形成されず、傷の治癒不良、[[gingiva/ja|歯肉]]の出血、激しい痛み、そして死を引き起こす、特に致命的な病気である。1753年にリンドは''壊血病に関する論文''を発表し、[[scurvy/ja|壊血病]]を避けるために[[lemon/ja|レモン]]や[[Lime (fruit)/ja|ライム]]を使用することを推奨し、イギリス[[:en:Royal Navy|王立海軍]]で採用された。このため、イギリスの船員は'''[[:en:limey|ライミー]]''というあだ名で呼ばれるようになった。しかし、19世紀にはレモンの代わりに西インド諸島で栽培されたライムが使われるようになり、ビタミンCが非常に少ないことが判明した。その結果、北極探検隊は壊血病やその他の[[deficiency disease/ja|欠乏症]]に悩まされ続けた。20世紀初頭、[[:en:Robert Falcon Scott|ロバート・ファルコン・スコット]]が2度の[[:ja:南極大陸|南極大陸]]探検を行ったとき、医学的には壊血病は''汚染された''[[:ja:缶詰|缶詰食品]]によって引き起こされるという説が主流であった。
-In 1747, the [[Scotland|Scottish]] [[surgeon]] [[James Lind (physician)|James Lind]] discovered that [[citrus]] foods helped prevent scurvy, a particularly deadly disease in which [[collagen]] is not properly formed, causing poor wound healing, bleeding of the [[gingiva|gums]], severe pain, and death. In 1753, Lind published his ''Treatise on the Scurvy'', which recommended using [[lemon]]s and [[Lime (fruit)|lime]]s to avoid [[scurvy]], which was adopted by the British [[Royal Navy]]. This led to the nickname ''[[limey]]'' for British sailors. However, during the 19th century, limes grown in the West Indies were substituted for lemons; these were subsequently found to be much lower in vitamin C. As a result, Arctic expeditions continued to be plagued by scurvy and other [[deficiency disease]]s. In the early 20th century, when [[Robert Falcon Scott]] made his two expeditions to the [[Antarctic]], the prevailing medical theory was that scurvy was caused by "tainted" [[canning|canned food]].
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