Translations:Amino acid/72/ja: Difference between revisions

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Created page with "ヒトの場合、アミノ酸は多様な生合成経路においても重要な役割を担っている。植物の草食動物に対する防御では、アミノ酸が使われることがある。例えば、以下のようなものがある: ====標準アミノ酸==== * トリプトファンは神経伝達物質セロトニンの前駆体である。 * チロシン(および..."
 
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Latest revision as of 10:53, 30 March 2024

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Message definition (Amino acid)
Many proteinogenic and non-proteinogenic amino acids have biological functions beyond being precursors to proteins and peptides.In humans, amino acids also have important roles in diverse biosynthetic pathways. [[Plant defense against herbivory|Defenses against herbivores]] in plants sometimes employ amino acids. Examples:
====Standard amino acids====
* [[Tryptophan]] is a precursor of the neurotransmitter [[serotonin]].
* [[Tyrosine]] (and its precursor phenylalanine) are precursors of the [[catecholamine]] [[neurotransmitter]]s [[dopamine]], [[epinephrine]] and [[norepinephrine]] and various [[trace amine]]s.
* [[Phenylalanine]] is a precursor of [[phenethylamine]] and tyrosine in humans. In plants, it is a precursor of various [[phenylpropanoid]]s, which are important in plant metabolism.
* [[Glycine]] is a precursor of [[porphyrin]]s such as [[heme]].
* [[Arginine]] is a precursor of [[nitric oxide]].
* [[Ornithine]] and [[S-Adenosyl methionine|''S''-adenosylmethionine]] are precursors of [[polyamine]]s.
* [[Aspartate]], [[glycine]], and [[glutamine]] are precursors of [[nucleotide]]s. However, not all of the functions of other abundant nonstandard amino acids are known.

ヒトの場合、アミノ酸は多様な生合成経路においても重要な役割を担っている。植物の草食動物に対する防御では、アミノ酸が使われることがある。例えば、以下のようなものがある:

標準アミノ酸