Translations:Gastrointestinal tract/9/ja: Difference between revisions

Latest revision as of 13:42, 22 March 2024

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Message definition (Gastrointestinal tract)

=====Small intestine=====
[[File:Blausen 0817 SmallIntestine Anatomy.png|thumb|240px|Illustration of the small intestine]]
{{Main|Small intestine|Duodenum|Jejunum|Ileum}}
The [[small intestine]] begins at the [[duodenum]] and is a tubular structure, usually between 6 and 7 m long. Its [[mucosal]] area in an adult human is about {{convert|30|m2|abbr=on}}. The combination of the [[circular folds]], the villi, and the microvilli increases the absorptive area of the mucosa about 600-fold, making a total area of about {{Convert|250|sqm|sqft|abbr=on}} for the entire small intestine. Its main function is to absorb the products of digestion (including carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, and vitamins) into the bloodstream. There are three major divisions:
# [[Duodenum]]: A short structure (about 20–25 cm long) that receives [[chyme]] from the stomach, together with [[pancreatic juice]] containing [[digestive enzymes]] and [[bile]] from the [[gall bladder]]. The digestive enzymes break down proteins, and bile [[emulsion|emulsifies]] fats into [[micelles]]. The [[duodenum]] contains [[Brunner's glands]] which produce a mucus-rich alkaline secretion containing [[bicarbonate]]. These secretions, in combination with bicarbonate from the pancreas, neutralize the stomach acids contained in the chyme.
# [[Jejunum]]: This is the midsection of the small intestine, connecting the duodenum to the ileum. It is about {{Convert|2.5|m|ft|abbr=on}} long and contains the [[circular folds]] also known as plicae circulares and [[intestinal villus|villi]] that increase its surface area. Products of digestion (sugars, amino acids, and fatty acids) are absorbed into the bloodstream here.
# [[Ileum]]: The final section of the small intestine. It is about 3 m long, and contains [[intestinal villus|villi]] similar to the jejunum. It absorbs mainly [[vitamin B12]] and [[bile acids]], as well as any other remaining nutrients.

小腸

小腸は十二指腸から始まり、通常は長さ6～7mの管状構造をしている。成人の人間の粘膜面積はおよそ30 m² (320 sq ft)である。円形のひだ、絨毛、微絨毛の組み合わせにより、粘膜の吸収面積は約600倍になり、小腸全体の総面積は約250 m² (2,700 sq ft)となる。主な機能は消化産物（炭水化物、タンパク質、脂質、ビタミンなど）を血流に吸収することである。大きく3つに分けられる：

十二指腸：胃から消化酵素を含む膵液と胆嚢からの胆汁とともにチャイムを受け取る短い構造（長さ約20～25 cm）。消化酵素はタンパク質を分解し、胆汁は脂肪を乳化してミセルにする。十二指腸にはブルンナー腺があり、重炭酸塩を含む粘液に富んだアルカリ性の分泌物を産生する。これらの分泌物は、膵臓からの重炭酸塩と組み合わさって、胃酸を中和する。
空腸：小腸の中間部で、十二指腸と回腸をつなぐ。長さは約2.5 m (8.2 ft)で、表面積を増加させる円形ひだと毛を含む。消化産物（糖、アミノ酸、脂肪酸）はここで血流に吸収される。
回腸：小腸の最後の部分。長さは約3mで、空腸と同様の毛を含む。主にビタミンB12と胆汁酸、その他残っている栄養素を吸収する。

Translations:Gastrointestinal tract/9/ja: Difference between revisions

Latest revision as of 13:42, 22 March 2024

小腸

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