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Message definition (Blood ) ===Cell production and degradation=== In vertebrates, the various cells of blood are made in the [[bone marrow]] in a process called [[hematopoiesis]], which includes [[erythropoiesis]], the production of red blood cells; and [[myelopoiesis]], the production of white blood cells and platelets. During childhood, almost every human bone produces red blood cells; as adults, red blood cell production is limited to the larger bones: the bodies of the vertebrae, the breastbone (sternum), the ribcage, the pelvic bones, and the bones of the upper arms and legs. In addition, during childhood, the [[thymus]] gland, found in the [[mediastinum]], is an important source of [[T lymphocytes]]. The proteinaceous component of blood (including clotting proteins) is produced predominantly by the [[liver]], while hormones are produced by the [[endocrine gland]]s and the watery fraction is regulated by the [[hypothalamus]] and maintained by the [[kidney]].
細胞の生産と分解
脊椎動物では、血液のさまざまな細胞は造血 と呼ばれるプロセスで骨髄 で作られる。このプロセスには、赤血球を産生する赤血球形成 と、白血球と血小板を産生する骨髄形成 がある。小児期には、ヒトのほぼすべての骨が赤血球を産生するが、成人になると、赤血球の産生はより大きな骨、すなわち椎骨体、胸骨(胸骨)、胸郭、骨盤骨、および上腕と下肢の骨に限定される。さらに小児期には、縦隔 にある胸腺 がTリンパ球 の重要な供給源となる。
血液の蛋白質成分(凝固蛋白質を含む)は主に肝臓 で産生され、ホルモンは内分泌腺 で産生され、水分画分は視床下部 で調節され、腎臓 で維持される。