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...d as a [[Hinduism|Hindu goddess]] for its [[medicinal]] value—are utilized in their rites and rituals. Herbs were also considered sacred in European pagan beliefs. ...

[[File:Garden of herbs.jpg|thumb|A variety of herbs are visible in this [[Wikipedia:garden|garden]], including [[Mentha|mint]].]] ...ributed and widespread group of plants, excluding [[vegetables]] and other plants consumed for [[macronutrients]], with savory or aromatic properties that ar ...

[[File:Garden of herbs.jpg|thumb|A variety of herbs are visible in this [[Wikipedia:garden|garden]], including [[Mentha|mint]].]] ...ributed and widespread group of plants, excluding [[vegetables]] and other plants consumed for [[macronutrients]], with savory or aromatic properties that ar ...

{{Main/ja|Medicinal plants/ja|Herbalism/ja}} {{see also/ja|List of plants used in herbalism|/ja}} ...

...rket Pharmacy Tana MS5179.jpg|250px|thumb|Traditional medicine in a market in [[Antananarivo]], [[Madagascar]]]] [[File:Botanica.jpg|right|250px|thumb|[[Botánica]]s such as this one in [[Jamaica Plain]], [[Boston]], cater to the [[Hispanic and Latino Americans ...

...rket Pharmacy Tana MS5179.jpg|250px|thumb|Traditional medicine in a market in [[Antananarivo]], [[Madagascar]]]] [[File:Botanica.jpg|right|250px|thumb|[[Botánica]]s such as this one in [[Jamaica Plain]], [[Boston]], cater to the [[Hispanic and Latino Americans ...

{{short description|Embryonic plant enclosed in a protective outer covering}} [[File:Разнообразие семян.jpg|thumb|350px| Seeds of various plants. '''Row 1:''' [[poppy]], [[Bell pepper|red pepper]], [[strawberry]], [[Appl ...

A '''drug''' is any [[chemical substance]] that causes a change in an organism's [[physiology]] or [[psychology]] when consumed.<ref name="dic ..." /> Traditionally drugs were obtained through extraction from [[medicinal plants]], but more recently also by [[organic synthesis]].<ref>{{cite journal |vau ...

...tnote|"Apothecary" may also refer to [[Pharmacy (shop)]], or [[drugstore]] in American English.}} [[Image:Apothecary15thcentury.jpg|thumb|right|200px|An apothecary in the 15th century]] ...

{{Short description|Medicine in the time before the invention of writing}} ...live in a traditional way have been the subject of anthropological studies in order to gain insight into both contemporary and ancient practices.<ref nam ...

| caption1 = Spices at a central market in [[Wikipedia:Agadir|Agadir]], Morocco | caption2 = A group of [[Indian spices|Indian herbs and spices]] in bowls ...

| caption1 = Spices at a central market in [[Wikipedia:Agadir|Agadir]], Morocco | caption2 = A group of [[Indian spices|Indian herbs and spices]] in bowls ...

...and pharmacokinetics studies the effects of biological systems on a drug. In broad terms, pharmacodynamics discusses the chemicals with biological [[Rec ...ts clinical settings; whether it be in a dispensing or clinical care role. In either field, the primary contrast between the two is their distinctions be ...

...c]] were known and [[Spice use in Antiquity|used in antiquity]] and traded in the [[Eastern World]].<ref name=EB1>{{cite web |url=http://www.britannica.c ...nto the Middle East and eastern Africa by the 1st millennium AD, resulting in the Austronesian colonization of [[Madagascar]]. ...

{{Short description|Reproductive structure in flowering plants}} ...acilitate outcrossing (fusion of sperm and eggs from different individuals in a population) resulting from [[cross-pollination]] or allow selfing (fusion ...

| name = Plants | image = Diversity of plants image version 5.png ...

...and pharmacokinetics studies the effects of biological systems on a drug. In broad terms, pharmacodynamics discusses the chemicals with biological [[Rec ...ts clinical settings; whether it be in a dispensing or clinical care role. In either field, the primary contrast between the two is their distinctions be ...

...os.3.jpg|alt=Marble statue of Asclephius on a pedestal, symbol of medicine in Western medicine|250px]] ...ns at the [[cytology|cellular]] and [[molecular medicine|molecular]] level in the tissues being stitched arises through science. ...

...os.3.jpg|alt=Marble statue of Asclephius on a pedestal, symbol of medicine in Western medicine|250px]] ...ns at the [[cytology|cellular]] and [[molecular medicine|molecular]] level in the tissues being stitched arises through science. ...

{{Short description|Alternative medicine with roots in India}} ...ption required}}</ref><ref name=Quack-2011/> Ayurveda is heavily practiced in India and Nepal, where around 80% of the population report using it.<ref na ...