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| Name | Current message text |
|---|---|
| h English (en) | ===Thiamine pyrophosphate=== {{main|thiamine pyrophosphate}} {{multiple image | align = right | direction = vertical | width = 220 | header = | image1 = Thiamine_diphosphate_coloured.svg | caption1 = Thiamine pyrophosphate (TPP) | image2 = TPP-ylide.svg | caption2 = The ylide form of TPP }} Thiamine pyrophosphate (TPP), also called thiamine diphosphate (ThDP), participates as a coenzyme in metabolic reactions, including those in which [[umpolung|polarity inversion]] takes place. Its synthesis is catalyzed by the enzyme [[thiamine diphosphokinase]] according to the reaction thiamine + ATP → TPP + AMP (EC 2.7.6.2). TPP is a [[coenzyme]] for several enzymes that catalyze the transfer of two-carbon units and in particular the [[dehydrogenation]] ([[decarboxylation]] and subsequent conjugation with [[coenzyme A]]) of 2-oxoacids (alpha-keto acids). The mechanism of action of TPP as a coenzyme relies on its ability to form an [[ylide]]. Examples include: * Present in most species ** [[pyruvate dehydrogenase]] and 2-[[oxoglutarate dehydrogenase]] (also called [[alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase|α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase]]) ** [[branched-chain α-keto acid dehydrogenase]] ** [[2-hydroxyphytanoyl-CoA lyase]] ** [[transketolase]] * Present in some species: ** [[pyruvate decarboxylase]] (in [[yeast]]) ** several additional [[bacteria]]l enzymes |
| h Japanese (ja) | ===チアミンピロリン酸塩=== {{main/ja|thiamine pyrophosphate/ja}} {{multiple image | align = right | direction = vertical | width = 220 | header = | image1 = Thiamine_diphosphate_coloured.svg | caption1 = チアミンピロリン酸（TPP） | image2 = TPP-ylide.svg | caption2 = TPPのイリド体 }} チアミンピロリン酸（TPP）は、チアミン二リン酸（ThDP）とも呼ばれ、[[umpolung/ja|極性反転]]が起こる代謝反応などに補酵素として関与する。その合成は酵素[[thiamine diphosphokinase/ja|チアミン・ジホスホキナーゼ]]によって、チアミン＋ATP→TPP＋AMP（EC 2.7.6.2）という反応に従って触媒される。TPPは、2-オキソ酸（α-ケト酸）の[[dehydrogenation/ja|脱水素化]]（[[decarboxylation/ja|脱炭酸]]とそれに続く[[coenzyme A/ja|コエンザイム A]]との共役）を触媒するいくつかの酵素の[[coenzyme/ja|補酵素]]である。補酵素としてのTPPの作用機序は、[[ylide/ja|イリド]]を形成する能力に依存している。例えば、以下のようなものがある： * ほとんどの種に存在する ** [[pyruvate dehydrogenase/ja|ピルビン酸デヒドロゲナーゼ]]と2-[[oxoglutarate dehydrogenase/ja|オキソグルタル酸デヒドロゲナーゼ]]（[[alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase/ja|α-ケトグルタル酸デヒドロゲナーゼ]]とも呼ばれる）がある。 ** [[branched-chain α-keto acid dehydrogenase/ja]] ** [[2-hydroxyphytanoyl-CoA lyase/ja]] ** [[transketolase/ja]] * いくつかの種に存在する: ** [[pyruvate decarboxylase/ja|ピルビン酸脱炭酸酵素]]（[[yeast/ja|酵母]]にある） ** さらにいくつかの[[bacteria/ja|バクテリア]]l酵素がある |