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 h English (en)The [[physical examination]] is the examination of the patient for [[medical sign]]s of disease, which are objective and observable, in contrast to symptoms that are volunteered by the patient and not necessarily objectively observable. The healthcare provider uses sight, hearing, touch, and sometimes smell (e.g., in infection, [[uremia]], [[diabetic ketoacidosis]]). Four actions are the basis of physical examination: [[inspection (medicine)|inspection]], [[palpation]] (feel), [[percussion (medicine)|percussion]] (tap to determine resonance characteristics), and [[auscultation]] (listen), generally in that order although auscultation occurs prior to percussion and palpation for abdominal assessments.
 h Japanese (ja)[[physical examination/ja|身体診察]]とは、客観的で観察可能な疾患の[[medical sign/ja|医学的徴候]]があるかどうかを調べることであり、患者が自発的に訴え、必ずしも客観的に観察できない症状とは対照的である。医療従事者は、視覚、聴覚、触覚、時には嗅覚(感染症、[[uremia/ja|尿毒症]]、[[diabetic ketoacidosis/ja|糖尿病性ケトアシドーシス]]など)を用いる。身体診察の基本は、[[inspection (medicine)/ja|検査]]、[[palpation/ja|触診]](触る)、[[percussion (medicine)/ja|打診]](叩いて共鳴特性を調べる)、[[auscultation/ja|聴診]](聞く)の4つの行為であり、一般的にはこの順番であるが、腹部の評価では打診と触診の前に聴診が行われる。