Fish/ja: Difference between revisions

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魚は音響信号（音）を互いに送ることでコミュニケーションを行う。これは主に採餌、攻撃、求愛の文脈で見られる。発せられる音は種や関与する刺激によって異なる。魚は骨格系の要素を動かして発声音を出すか、または浮き袋のような特殊な器官を操作して非発声音を生じさせることができる。

Fish communicate by transmitting acoustic signals (sounds) to each other. This is most often in the context of feeding, aggression or courtship. The sounds emitted vary with the species and stimulus involved. Fish can produce either stridulatory sounds by moving components of the skeletal system, or can produce non-stridulatory sounds by manipulating specialized organs such as the swimbladder.

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[[File:French grunts - Haemulon flavolineatum.jpg|thumb|[[Haemulon flavolineatum/ja|フレンチグラントフィッシュ]]は歯をこすり合わせて音を出す。]]

[[File:French grunts - Haemulon flavolineatum.jpg|thumb|[[Haemulon flavolineatum|~~French grunt fish~~]] ~~makes sounds by grinding its teeth.~~ ]]

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一部の魚は骨をこすり合わせることで音を出す。これらの音は発声音である。''[[Haemulon flavolineatum/ja|Haemulon flavolineatum]]''（フレンチグラントフィッシュ）は、とりわけ苦痛時に歯をこすり合わせて低い唸り声のような音を出す。唸り声はおよそ700Hzの周波数で、約47ミリ秒続く。''[[Hippocampus reidi/ja|リーディタツノオトシゴ]]''は、神経頭蓋の溝部分に王冠骨をこすりつけることで、「クリック音」と「グロウル音」という二種類の音を発する。クリック音は求愛や採餌の際に発せられ、その周波数は50Hzから800Hzの範囲にある。産卵時、雌雄が15センチ未満まで接近した場合には周波数が範囲の高い方に集中する。グロウル音は''H. reidi''がストレス下にあるときに発せられる。このグロウル音は一連の音のパルスで構成され、体の振動と同時に放出される。

~~Some fish produce sounds by rubbing or grinding their bones together. These sounds are stridulatory. In~~ ''[[Haemulon flavolineatum]]'', the French grunt fish, as it produces a grunting noise by grinding its teeth together, especially when in distress. The grunts are at a frequency of around 700 Hz, and last approximately 47 milliseconds. The longsnout seahorse, ''[[Hippocampus reidi]]'' produces two categories of sounds, 'clicks' and 'growls', by rubbing their coronet bone across the grooved section of their neurocranium. Clicks are produced during courtship and feeding, and the frequencies of clicks were within the range of 50 Hz-800 Hz. The frequencies are at the higher end of the range during spawning, when the female and male fishes were less than fifteen centimeters apart. Growls are produced when the ''H. reidi'' ~~are stressed. The 'growl' sounds consist of a series of sound pulses and are emitted simultaneously with body vibrations.~~

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 {{see also/ja|:en:Acoustic communication in aquatic animals}}
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+魚は音響信号（音）を互いに送ることでコミュニケーションを行う。これは主に採餌、攻撃、求愛の文脈で見られる。発せられる音は種や関与する刺激によって異なる。魚は骨格系の要素を動かして発声音を出すか、または浮き袋のような特殊な器官を操作して非発声音を生じさせることができる。
-Fish communicate by transmitting acoustic signals (sounds) to each other. This is most often in the context of feeding, aggression or courtship. The sounds emitted vary with the species and stimulus involved. Fish can produce either stridulatory sounds by moving components of the skeletal system, or can produce non-stridulatory sounds by manipulating specialized organs such as the swimbladder.
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+[[File:French grunts - Haemulon flavolineatum.jpg|thumb|[[Haemulon flavolineatum/ja|フレンチグラントフィッシュ]]は歯をこすり合わせて音を出す。]]
-[[File:French grunts - Haemulon flavolineatum.jpg|thumb|[[Haemulon flavolineatum|French grunt fish]] makes sounds by grinding its teeth. ]]
-</div>
-<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
+一部の魚は骨をこすり合わせることで音を出す。これらの音は発声音である。''[[Haemulon flavolineatum/ja|Haemulon flavolineatum]]''（フレンチグラントフィッシュ）は、とりわけ苦痛時に歯をこすり合わせて低い唸り声のような音を出す。唸り声はおよそ700Hzの周波数で、約47ミリ秒続く。''[[Hippocampus reidi/ja|リーディタツノオトシゴ]]''は、神経頭蓋の溝部分に王冠骨をこすりつけることで、「クリック音」と「グロウル音」という二種類の音を発する。クリック音は求愛や採餌の際に発せられ、その周波数は50Hzから800Hzの範囲にある。産卵時、雌雄が15センチ未満まで接近した場合には周波数が範囲の高い方に集中する。グロウル音は''H. reidi''がストレス下にあるときに発せられる。このグロウル音は一連の音のパルスで構成され、体の振動と同時に放出される。
-Some fish produce sounds by rubbing or grinding their bones together. These sounds are stridulatory. In ''[[Haemulon flavolineatum]]'', the French grunt fish, as it produces a grunting noise by grinding its teeth together, especially when in distress. The grunts are at a frequency of around 700&nbsp;Hz, and last approximately 47 milliseconds. The longsnout seahorse, ''[[Hippocampus reidi]]'' produces two categories of sounds, 'clicks' and 'growls', by rubbing their coronet bone across the grooved section of their neurocranium. Clicks are produced during courtship and feeding, and the frequencies of clicks were within the range of 50&nbsp;Hz-800&nbsp;Hz. The frequencies are at the higher end of the range during spawning, when the female and male fishes were less than fifteen centimeters apart. Growls are produced when the ''H. reidi'' are stressed. The 'growl' sounds consist of a series of sound pulses and are emitted simultaneously with body vibrations.
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