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| | == 生態 == |
| == Ecology ==
| | === 生息環境 === |
| === Habitats === | | [[File:Fish habitat diversity.svg|thumb|upright=2.5|魚類は多様な淡水・海洋環境に適応している。]] |
| [[File:Fish habitat diversity.svg|thumb|upright=2.5|Different fish species are adapted to a wide variety of freshwater and marine habitats.]] | |
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| | 魚類はほぼ半数が[[freshwater/ja|淡水]]生態系、残り半数が海洋生態系に分布する。淡水魚は約1万5200種、海水魚は約1万4800種が知られている。[[:en:Indo-Pacific|インド太平洋]]の[[:en:Coral reef|サンゴ礁]]は海洋魚類の多様性の中心であり、大陸の淡水魚は[[:en:Amazon Basin|アマゾン]]、[[:en:Congo Basin|コンゴ]]、[[:en:Mekong|メコン]]などの[[:en:tropical rainforest|熱帯雨林]]の大河川流域で最も多様である。ネオトロピカルの淡水域だけで5600種以上が生息し、[[Neotropical fish/ja|ネオトロピカル魚類]]は地球上の全[[vertebrate/ja|脊椎動物]]種の約10%を占める。 |
| Fish species are roughly divided equally between [[freshwater]] and marine (oceanic) ecosystems; there are some 15,200 freshwater species and around 14,800 marine species. [[Coral reef]]s in the [[Indo-Pacific]] constitute the center of diversity for marine fishes, whereas continental freshwater fishes are most diverse in large [[river basin]]s of [[tropical rainforest]]s, especially the [[Amazon Basin|Amazon]], [[Congo Basin|Congo]], and [[Mekong]] basins. More than 5,600 fish species inhabit [[Neotropic]]al freshwaters alone, such that [[Neotropical fish]]es represent about 10% of all [[vertebrate]] species on the Earth.
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