Fertilizer/ja: Difference between revisions

The nutrients required for healthy plant life are classified according to the elements, but the elements are not used as fertilizers. Instead, [[chemical compound|compounds]] containing these elements are the basis of fertilizers. The macro-nutrients are consumed in larger quantities and are present in plant tissue in quantities from 0.15% to 6.0% on a [[dry matter]] (DM) (0% moisture) basis. Plants are made up of four main elements: hydrogen, oxygen, carbon, and nitrogen. Carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen are widely available respectively in [[carbon dioxide]] and in water. Although nitrogen makes up most of the [[atmosphere]], it is in a form that is unavailable to plants. Nitrogen is the most important fertilizer since nitrogen is present in [[protein]]s ([[amide bond]]s between [[amino-acid|amino acid]]s), [[DNA]] ([[purine|puric]] and [[pyrimidine|pyrimidic]] bases), and other components (e.g., [[porphyrin|tetrapyrrolic]] [[heme]] in [[chlorophyll]]). To be nutritious to plants, nitrogen must be made available in a "fixed" form. Only some bacteria and their host plants (notably [[legume]]s) can fix atmospheric nitrogen ({{chem2|N2}}) by converting it to [[ammonia]] ({{chem2|NH3}}). [[Phosphate]] ({{chem2|PO4(3-)}}) is required for the production of [[Deoxyribonucleic acid|DNA]] ([[genetic code]]) and [[Adenosine triphosphate|ATP]], the main energy carrier in [[Cell (biology)|cells]], as well as certain [[lipid]]s ([[phospholipid]]s, the main components of the [[liposome|lipidic double layer]] of the [[cell membrane]]s).