High-density lipoprotein: Difference between revisions
Created page with "{{short description|One of the five major groups of lipoprotein}} ''' High-density lipoprotein '''('''HDL''') is one of the five major groups of lipoproteins. Lipoproteins are complex particles composed of multiple proteins which transport all fat molecules (lipids) around the body within the water outside cells. They are typically composed of 80–100 proteins per particle (organized by one, two or three ApoA). HDL particles enlarge whi..." |
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{{short description|One of the five major groups of lipoprotein}} | {{short description|One of the five major groups of lipoprotein}} | ||
''' High-density lipoprotein '''('''HDL''') is one of the five major groups of [[lipoprotein]]s. Lipoproteins are complex particles composed of multiple proteins which transport all [[fat]] molecules ([[lipid]]s) around the body within the water outside cells. They are typically composed of 80–100 proteins per particle (organized by one, two or three [[Apolipoprotein A1|ApoA]]). HDL particles enlarge while circulating in the blood, aggregating more fat molecules and transporting up to hundreds of fat molecules per particle. | ''' High-density lipoprotein '''('''HDL''') is one of the five major groups of [[lipoprotein]]s. Lipoproteins are complex particles composed of multiple proteins which transport all [[fat]] molecules ([[lipid]]s) around the body within the water outside cells. They are typically composed of 80–100 proteins per particle (organized by one, two or three [[Apolipoprotein A1|ApoA]]). HDL particles enlarge while circulating in the blood, aggregating more fat molecules and transporting up to hundreds of fat molecules per particle. | ||
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== Epidemiology == | == Epidemiology == | ||
Men tend to have noticeably lower HDL concentrations, with smaller size and lower cholesterol content, than women. Men also have a greater incidence of [[atherosclerosis|atherosclerotic]] heart disease. Recent studies confirm the fact that HDL has a buffering role in balancing the effects of the hypercoagulable state in type 2 diabetics and decreases the high risk of cardiovascular complications in these patients. Also, the results obtained in this study revealed that there was a significant negative correlation between HDL and [[Partial thromboplastin time|activated partial thromboplastin time]] (APTT). | Men tend to have noticeably lower HDL concentrations, with smaller size and lower cholesterol content, than women. Men also have a greater incidence of [[atherosclerosis|atherosclerotic]] heart disease. Recent studies confirm the fact that HDL has a buffering role in balancing the effects of the hypercoagulable state in type 2 diabetics and decreases the high risk of cardiovascular complications in these patients. Also, the results obtained in this study revealed that there was a significant negative correlation between HDL and [[Partial thromboplastin time|activated partial thromboplastin time]] (APTT). | ||
Epidemiological studies have shown that high concentrations of HDL (over 60 mg/dL) have protective value against [[cardiovascular disease]]s such as ischemic stroke and [[myocardial infarction]]. Low concentrations of HDL (below 40 mg/dL for men, below 50 mg/dL for women) increase the risk for [[atherosclerotic]] diseases. | Epidemiological studies have shown that high concentrations of HDL (over 60 mg/dL) have protective value against [[cardiovascular disease]]s such as ischemic stroke and [[myocardial infarction]]. Low concentrations of HDL (below 40 mg/dL for men, below 50 mg/dL for women) increase the risk for [[atherosclerotic]] diseases. | ||
Data from the landmark [[Framingham Heart Study]] showed that, for a given level of LDL, the risk of heart disease increases 10-fold as the HDL varies from high to low. On the converse, however, for a fixed level of HDL, the risk increases 3-fold as LDL varies from low to high. | Data from the landmark [[Framingham Heart Study]] showed that, for a given level of LDL, the risk of heart disease increases 10-fold as the HDL varies from high to low. On the converse, however, for a fixed level of HDL, the risk increases 3-fold as LDL varies from low to high. | ||
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[[Category:Cardiology]] | [[Category:Cardiology]] | ||
[[Category:Lipoproteins]] | [[Category:Lipoproteins]] | ||
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