Fish/ja: Difference between revisions

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現生の魚類は3万3,000種以上が知られており、これは両生類、爬虫類、鳥類、哺乳類の全種を合わせた数よりも多い。魚類の大部分は''[[Actinopterygii/ja|条鰭類]]''に属し、これは現存する脊椎動物のおよそ半分を占める。このため魚類は種数において最大の脊椎動物群である。

~~There are over 33~~,~~000 extant species of fish, which is more than all species of amphibians, reptiles, birds, and mammals combined. Most fish belong to the class~~ ''[[Actinopterygii]]''~~, which accounts for approximately half of all living vertebrates. This makes fish easily the largest group of vertebrates by number of species.~~

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~~The earliest fish appeared during the~~ [[Cambrian]] ~~as small~~ [[filter feeder]]~~s; they continued to~~ [[~~evolution~~|~~evolve~~]] ~~through the~~ [[~~Paleozoic~~]]~~, diversifying into many forms. The earliest fish with dedicated respiratory gills and~~ [[paired fins]]~~, the~~ [[ostracoderm]]~~s, had heavy~~ [[armour (anatomy)|~~bony plates~~]] ~~that served as protective~~ [[~~exoskeleton~~]]~~s against~~ [[~~invertebrate~~]] [[~~predator~~]]~~s. The first fish with~~ [[jaw]]~~s, the placoderms, appeared in the~~ [[Silurian]] ~~and greatly diversified during the~~ [[Devonian]]~~, the "Age of Fishes".~~

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 大部分の魚類は[[ectotherm/ja|変温動物]]であり、体温は周囲の水温に応じて変化するが、[[white shark/ja|ホオジロザメ]]や[[tuna/ja|マグロ]]のような大型の[[nekton/ja|活発な遊泳者]]はより高い[[core temperature/ja|体幹温度]]を維持することができる。多くの魚は[[:en:communication in aquatic animals#Acoustic|音響による通信]]を行い、例えば[[:en:courtship display|求愛行動]]の際などに利用される。魚類の研究は[[:en:ichthyology|魚類学]]と呼ばれる。
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+現生の魚類は3万3,000種以上が知られており、これは両生類、爬虫類、鳥類、哺乳類の全種を合わせた数よりも多い。魚類の大部分は''[[Actinopterygii/ja|条鰭類]]''に属し、これは現存する脊椎動物のおよそ半分を占める。このため魚類は種数において最大の脊椎動物群である。
-There are over 33,000 extant species of fish, which is more than all species of amphibians, reptiles, birds, and mammals combined. Most fish belong to the class ''[[Actinopterygii]]'', which accounts for approximately half of all living vertebrates. This makes fish easily the largest group of vertebrates by number of species.
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+最初期の魚類は[[:en:Cambrian|カンブリア紀]]に出現し、小型の[[filter feeder/ja|濾過摂食者]]であった。彼らは[[:en:Paleozoic|古生代]]を通じて[[:en:evolution|進化]]を続け、多様な形態に分化した。専用の呼吸用鰓と[[paired fins/ja|対鰭]]をもつ最初の魚類である[[ostracoderm/ja|甲皮類]]は、重厚な[[armour (anatomy)/ja|骨質の装甲板]]をもち、[[invertebrate/ja|無脊椎]][[predator/ja|捕食者]]に対する防御的な[[exoskeleton/ja|外骨格]]として機能した。[[jaw/ja|顎]]をもつ最初の魚類である板皮類は[[:en:Silurian|シルル紀]]に出現し、[[:en:Devonian|デボン紀]]（「魚の時代」）に大きく多様化した。
-The earliest fish appeared during the [[Cambrian]] as small [[filter feeder]]s; they continued to [[evolution|evolve]] through the [[Paleozoic]], diversifying into many forms. The earliest fish with dedicated respiratory gills and [[paired fins]], the [[ostracoderm]]s, had heavy [[armour (anatomy)|bony plates]] that served as protective [[exoskeleton]]s against [[invertebrate]] [[predator]]s. The first fish with [[jaw]]s, the placoderms, appeared in the [[Silurian]] and greatly diversified during the [[Devonian]], the "Age of Fishes".
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