Sustainable energy/ja: Difference between revisions

A highly efficient way to heat buildings is through [[district heating]], in which heat is generated in a centralised location and then distributed to multiple buildings through [[insulated pipe]]s. Traditionally, most district heating systems have used fossil fuels, but [[District heating#Fourth generation|modern]] and [[cold district heating]] systems are designed to use high shares of renewable energy.[[File:Aghazade mansion.jpg|thumb|alt=Building with windcatcher towers|[[Passive cooling]] features, such as these [[windcatcher]] towers in Iran, bring cool air into buildings without any use of energy.]]Cooling of buildings can be made more efficient through [[Passive solar building design|passive building design]], planning that minimises the [[urban heat island]] effect, and [[district cooling]] systems that cool multiple buildings with piped cold water. [[Air conditioning]] requires large amounts of electricity and is not always affordable for poorer households. Some air conditioning units still use [[refrigerant]]s that are greenhouse gases, as some countries have not ratified the [[Kigali Amendment]] to only use climate-friendly refrigerants.