List of Capsicum cultivars: Difference between revisions

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There are perhaps fifty thousand ''Capsicum'' [[cultivar]]s grown worldwide.<ref>{{cite web|title=introducing the capsicum to the world|url=http://www.worldofchillies.com/Chilli-plant-varieties/growing-chilli-plants.html|website=World Of Chillies|access-date=7 February 2015|archive-date=21 January 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150121011748/http://www.worldofchillies.com/Chilli-plant-varieties/growing-chilli-plants.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> The [[National Plant Germplasm System|USDA-ARS GRIN]] seed collection contains 6,200 ''[[Capsicum]]'' accessions alone, including 4,000 ''[[Capsicum annuum]]'' accessions. The other ''Capsicum'' species in the [[United States Department of Agriculture|USDA]] [[germplasm]] [[Gene bank|repository]] include: ''[[Capsicum chinense|C. chinense]], [[Capsicum baccatum|C. baccatum]], [[Capsicum frutescens|C. frutescens]], [[Capsicum pubescens|C. pubescens]], [[Capsicum cardenasii|C. cardenasii]], [[Capsicum chacoense|C. chacoense]], [[Capsicum flexuosum|C. flexuosum]], [[Capsicum eximium|C. eximium]], [[Capsicum rhomboideum|C. rhomboideum]], C. galapagoense,'' and ''C. tovarii.''<ref>USDA-ARS GRIN pepper seed collection, Experiment, Georgia</ref>

There are five major species of cultivated ''[[Capsicum]]'', ''[[Capsicum annuum|C. annuum]], [[Capsicum chinense|C. chinense]], [[Capsicum baccatum|C. baccatum]], [[Capsicum frutescens|C. frutescens]], [[Capsicum pubescens|C. pubescens]]'', and within those species are several "[[taxonomic rank|taxonomic]] [[Variety (botany)|varieties]]". Because of the ability of many of species to cross and generate inter-specific hybrids, albeit with low success, there are also what is referred to as "complexes" within the genus ''Capsicum'' of closely related and sexually compatible species.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Jarret|first=Robert L.|title=DNA Barcoding in a Crop Genebank: The Capsicum annuum Species Complex|journal=The Open Biology Journal|volume=1|issue=1|pages=35–42|doi=10.2174/1874196700801010035|year=2008|doi-access=free}}</ref> This includes the ''Capsicum annuum complex,'' which consists of ''C. annuum, C. frutescens,'' and ''C. chinense''.~~{{citation needed|date=August 2022}}~~

There are five major species of cultivated ''[[Capsicum]]'', ''[[Capsicum annuum|C. annuum]], [[Capsicum chinense|C. chinense]], [[Capsicum baccatum|C. baccatum]], [[Capsicum frutescens|C. frutescens]], [[Capsicum pubescens|C. pubescens]]'', and within those species are several "[[taxonomic rank|taxonomic]] [[Variety (botany)|varieties]]". Because of the ability of many of species to cross and generate inter-specific hybrids, albeit with low success, there are also what is referred to as "complexes" within the genus ''Capsicum'' of closely related and sexually compatible species.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Jarret|first=Robert L.|title=DNA Barcoding in a Crop Genebank: The Capsicum annuum Species Complex|journal=The Open Biology Journal|volume=1|issue=1|pages=35–42|doi=10.2174/1874196700801010035|year=2008|doi-access=free}}</ref> This includes the ''Capsicum annuum complex,'' which consists of ''C. annuum, C. frutescens,'' and ''C. chinense''.

Major species and their taxonomic varieties:<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.theplantlist.org/tpl/search?q=Capsicum|title=The Plant List}}</ref>

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''Capsicum chinense'' or "Chinese capsicum" is a misnomer since all ''Capsicum'' species originated in the [[New World]]. [[Nikolaus Joseph von Jacquin]] (1727–1817), a Dutch [[botany|botanist]], named the species in that way in 1776 because he believed they originated in [[China]]. Most of the peppers of this species have a distinctive flavor and are similar in flavor to each other.~~{{citation needed|date=December 2012}}~~

''Capsicum chinense'' or "Chinese capsicum" is a misnomer since all ''Capsicum'' species originated in the [[New World]]. [[Nikolaus Joseph von Jacquin]] (1727–1817), a Dutch [[botany|botanist]], named the species in that way in 1776 because he believed they originated in [[China]]. Most of the peppers of this species have a distinctive flavor and are similar in flavor to each other.

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''Capsicum pubescens'' is among the oldest of domesticated peppers, and was grown as long as 5,000 years ago.~~{{citation needed|date=August 2012}}~~ It is probably related to undomesticated plants that still grow in South America (''C. cardenasii'', ''C. eximium'', and others).

''Capsicum pubescens'' is among the oldest of domesticated peppers, and was grown as long as 5,000 years ago. It is probably related to undomesticated plants that still grow in South America (''C. cardenasii'', ''C. eximium'', and others).

{| class="wikitable sortable" style="width:100%; height:auto;"

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 There are perhaps fifty thousand ''Capsicum'' [[cultivar]]s grown worldwide.<ref>{{cite web|title=introducing the capsicum to the world|url=http://www.worldofchillies.com/Chilli-plant-varieties/growing-chilli-plants.html|website=World Of Chillies|access-date=7 February 2015|archive-date=21 January 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150121011748/http://www.worldofchillies.com/Chilli-plant-varieties/growing-chilli-plants.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> The [[National Plant Germplasm System|USDA-ARS GRIN]] seed collection contains 6,200 ''[[Capsicum]]'' accessions alone, including 4,000 ''[[Capsicum annuum]]'' accessions. The other ''Capsicum'' species in the [[United States Department of Agriculture|USDA]] [[germplasm]] [[Gene bank|repository]] include: ''[[Capsicum chinense|C. chinense]], [[Capsicum baccatum|C. baccatum]], [[Capsicum frutescens|C. frutescens]], [[Capsicum pubescens|C. pubescens]], [[Capsicum cardenasii|C. cardenasii]], [[Capsicum chacoense|C. chacoense]], [[Capsicum flexuosum|C. flexuosum]], [[Capsicum eximium|C. eximium]], [[Capsicum rhomboideum|C. rhomboideum]], C. galapagoense,'' and ''C. tovarii.''<ref>USDA-ARS GRIN pepper seed collection, Experiment, Georgia</ref>
-There are five major species of cultivated ''[[Capsicum]]'', ''[[Capsicum annuum|C. annuum]], [[Capsicum chinense|C. chinense]], [[Capsicum baccatum|C. baccatum]], [[Capsicum frutescens|C. frutescens]], [[Capsicum pubescens|C. pubescens]]'', and within those species are several "[[taxonomic rank|taxonomic]] [[Variety (botany)|varieties]]". Because of the ability of many of species to cross and generate inter-specific hybrids, albeit with low success, there are also what is referred to as "complexes" within the genus ''Capsicum'' of closely related and sexually compatible species.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Jarret|first=Robert L.|title=DNA Barcoding in a Crop Genebank: The Capsicum annuum Species Complex|journal=The Open Biology Journal|volume=1|issue=1|pages=35–42|doi=10.2174/1874196700801010035|year=2008|doi-access=free}}</ref> This includes the ''Capsicum annuum complex,'' which consists of ''C. annuum, C. frutescens,'' and ''C. chinense''.{{citation needed|date=August 2022}}
+There are five major species of cultivated ''[[Capsicum]]'', ''[[Capsicum annuum|C. annuum]], [[Capsicum chinense|C. chinense]], [[Capsicum baccatum|C. baccatum]], [[Capsicum frutescens|C. frutescens]], [[Capsicum pubescens|C. pubescens]]'', and within those species are several "[[taxonomic rank|taxonomic]] [[Variety (botany)|varieties]]". Because of the ability of many of species to cross and generate inter-specific hybrids, albeit with low success, there are also what is referred to as "complexes" within the genus ''Capsicum'' of closely related and sexually compatible species.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Jarret|first=Robert L.|title=DNA Barcoding in a Crop Genebank: The Capsicum annuum Species Complex|journal=The Open Biology Journal|volume=1|issue=1|pages=35–42|doi=10.2174/1874196700801010035|year=2008|doi-access=free}}</ref> This includes the ''Capsicum annuum complex,'' which consists of ''C. annuum, C. frutescens,'' and ''C. chinense''.
 Major species and their taxonomic varieties:<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.theplantlist.org/tpl/search?q=Capsicum|title=The Plant List}}</ref>
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 {{main| Capsicum chinense}}
-''Capsicum chinense'' or "Chinese capsicum" is a misnomer since all ''Capsicum'' species originated in the [[New World]]. [[Nikolaus Joseph von Jacquin]] (1727–1817), a Dutch [[botany|botanist]], named the species in that way in 1776 because he believed they originated in [[China]]. Most of the peppers of this species have a distinctive flavor and are similar in flavor to each other.{{citation needed|date=December 2012}}
+''Capsicum chinense'' or "Chinese capsicum" is a misnomer since all ''Capsicum'' species originated in the [[New World]]. [[Nikolaus Joseph von Jacquin]] (1727–1817), a Dutch [[botany|botanist]], named the species in that way in 1776 because he believed they originated in [[China]]. Most of the peppers of this species have a distinctive flavor and are similar in flavor to each other.
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@@ Line 606: / Line 606: @@
 {{main| Capsicum pubescens}}
-''Capsicum pubescens'' is among the oldest of domesticated peppers, and was grown as long as 5,000 years ago.{{citation needed|date=August 2012}} It is probably related to undomesticated plants that still grow in South America (''C. cardenasii'', ''C. eximium'', and others).
+''Capsicum pubescens'' is among the oldest of domesticated peppers, and was grown as long as 5,000 years ago. It is probably related to undomesticated plants that still grow in South America (''C. cardenasii'', ''C. eximium'', and others).
 {| class="wikitable sortable" style="width:100%; height:auto;"