Genitourinary system/ja: Difference between revisions

Genitourinary system/ja
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Created page with "診療科として、'''泌尿生殖器病理学'''は外科病理学の下位専門分野であり、尿路、男性生殖器および精巣の腫瘍性および非腫瘍性の疾患診断と特徴づけを扱う。しかし、腎臓の医薬品疾患は一般的に腎病理医の専門分野である。泌尿生殖器の病理医は..."
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{{Short description|Organ system of the reproductive organs and the urinary system}}
{{Infobox anatomy
{{Infobox anatomy
| Name        = Genitourinary system
| Name        = 泌尿生殖器系
| Latin      = apparatus urogenitalis, systema urogenitale
| Latin      = apparatus urogenitalis, systema urogenitale
| Image      = File:Female and male Organs.png
| Image      = File:Female and male Organs.png
| Caption    = Some components of the female and male genitourinary system
| Caption    = 女性泌尿器系と男性泌尿器系のいくつかの構成要素
| Image2      =
| Image2      =
| Caption2    =
| Caption2    =
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| Lymph      =
| Lymph      =
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The '''genitourinary system''', or '''urogenital system''', are the [[organ (anatomy)|organs]] of the [[reproductive system]] and the [[urinary system]]. These are grouped together because of their proximity to each other, [[Development of the urinary and reproductive organs|their common embryological origin]] and the use of common pathways, like the [[male urethra]]. Also, because of their proximity, the systems are sometimes imaged together.
'''生殖器系'''、または'''泌尿器系'''は、[[reproductive system/ja|生殖器系]][[urinary system/ja|泌尿器系]][[organ (anatomy)/ja|器官]]である。これらは互いに近接していること、[[Development of the urinary and reproductive organs/ja|発生学的起源が共通]]であること、[[male urethra/ja|男性尿道]]のように共通の経路を使用することから、ひとまとめにされている。また、近接しているため、これらの器官は一緒に撮影されることもある。
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"泌尿生殖器"という用語は''[[Nomina Anatomica/ja|解剖学的名称]]'' [[spanchnologia/ja|スパンテクノロジー]]の項)で使用されていたが、現在の''[[Terminologia Anatomica/ja|解剖学用語]]'' では使用されていない。
The term "apparatus urogenitalis" was used in ''[[Nomina Anatomica]]'' (under [[splanchnologia]]) but is not used in the current ''[[Terminologia Anatomica]]''.
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==発達==
==Development==
{{Anchor|Development}}
{{Main|Development of the urinary system |Development of the reproductive system}}
{{Main/ja|Development of the urinary system/ja|Development of the reproductive system/ja}}
The urinary and reproductive organs are developed from the [[intermediate mesoderm]]. The permanent organs of the adult are preceded by a set of structures that are purely embryonic and that, with the exception of the ducts, disappear almost entirely before the end of fetal life. These embryonic structures are on either side: the [[pronephros]], the [[mesonephros]] and the [[metanephros]] of the [[kidney]], and the [[Wolffian duct|Wolffian]] and [[Müllerian duct]]s of the [[sex organ]]. The pronephros disappears very early; the structural elements of the mesonephros mostly degenerate, but the [[gonad]] is developed in their place, with which the Wolffian duct remains as the duct in males, and the Müllerian as that of the female. Some of the tubules of the mesonephros form part of the permanent kidney.
泌尿器と生殖器は[[intermediate mesoderm/ja|中間中胚葉]]から発生する。成体の永続的な器官は、純粋に胚性であり、管を除いて胎児期の終わりまでにほとんど完全に消失する一連の構造によって先行される。
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これらの胚構造は左右にある:[[kidney/ja|腎臓]][[pronephros/ja|前腎]][[mesonephros/ja|中腎]][[metanephros/ja|後腎]][[sex organ/ja|性器]][[Wolffian duct/ja|ウォルフ管]][[Müllerian duct/ja|ミュラー管]]である。pronephrosは非常に早期に消失する;
中骨の構造要素はほとんど退化するが、その代わりに[[gonad/ja|性腺]]が発達し、ウォルフ管は雄の管として、ミュラー管は雌の管として残る。中根管の一部は永久腎臓の一部を形成する。


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==障害==
==Disorders==
{{Further/ja|Female genital disease/ja|Male genital disease/ja|Urologic disease/ja}}
{{Further|Female genital disease|Male genital disease|Urologic disease}}
[[File:Genitourinary diseases world map-Deaths per million persons-WHO2012.svg|thumb|upright=1.3|泌尿生殖器疾患による死亡数(2012年、人口100万人当たり) {{Div col|small=yes|colwidth=10em}}{{legend|#ffff20|22-87}}{{legend|#ffe820|88-106}}{{legend|#ffd820|107-123}}{{legend|#ffc020|124-137}}{{legend|#ffa020|138-148}}{{legend|#ff9a20|149-164}}{{legend|#f08015|165-177}}{{legend|#e06815|178-214}}{{legend|#d85010|215-255}}{{legend|#d02010|256-382}}{{div col end}}]]
[[File:Genitourinary diseases world map-Deaths per million persons-WHO2012.svg|thumb|upright=1.3|Deaths due to genitourinary diseases per million persons in 2012 {{Div col|small=yes|colwidth=10em}}{{legend|#ffff20|22-87}}{{legend|#ffe820|88-106}}{{legend|#ffd820|107-123}}{{legend|#ffc020|124-137}}{{legend|#ffa020|138-148}}{{legend|#ff9a20|149-164}}{{legend|#f08015|165-177}}{{legend|#e06815|178-214}}{{legend|#d85010|215-255}}{{legend|#d02010|256-382}}{{div col end}}]]
泌尿生殖器系の疾患には、無症状のものからさまざまな徴候および症状を示すものまで、さまざまな疾患が含まれる。 これらの障害の原因には、先天異常、感染症、[[Genitourinary tract injury/ja|外傷]]、または泌尿器構造に二次的に関与する疾患が含まれる。
Disorders of the genitourinary system includes a range of disorders from those that are asymptomatic to those that manifest an array of signs and symptoms.  Causes for these disorders include congenital anomalies, infectious diseases, [[Genitourinary tract injury|trauma]], or conditions that secondarily involve the urinary structure.
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体内に侵入するために、[[pathogen/ja|病原体]]は泌尿生殖器を覆っている粘膜に侵入することができる。
To gain access to the body, [[pathogen]]s can penetrate mucous membranes lining the genitourinary tract.
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=== 奇形 ===
=== Malformations ===
泌尿生殖器の奇形には以下のようなものがある:
Urogenital malformations include:
*[[Hypospadias/ja]]
*[[Hypospadias]]
*[[Epispadias/ja]]
*[[Epispadias]]
*[[Labial fusion/ja]]
*[[Labial fusion]]
*[[Varicocele/ja]]
*[[Varicocele]]
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診療科として、'''泌尿生殖器病理学'''[[surgical pathology/ja|外科病理学]]の下位専門分野であり、[[urinary tract/ja|尿路]]、男性生殖器および精巣の[[neoplasia/ja|腫瘍性]]および非腫瘍性の[[disease/ja|疾患]][[diagnosis/ja|診断]]と特徴づけを扱う。しかし、腎臓の医薬品疾患は一般的に[[renal pathology/ja|腎病理医]]の専門分野である。泌尿生殖器の[[pathology/ja|病理医]]は一般的に[[urology/ja|泌尿器外科医]]と緊密に連携している。
As a medical specialty, '''genitourinary pathology''' is the subspecialty of [[surgical pathology]] which deals with the [[diagnosis]] and characterization of [[neoplasia|neoplastic]] and non-neoplastic [[disease]]s of the [[urinary tract]], male genital tract and testes. However, medical disorders of the kidneys are generally within the expertise of [[renal pathology|renal pathologists]]. Genitourinary [[pathology|pathologists]] generally work closely with [[urology|urologic surgeons]].
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==外部リンク==
==External links==
* {{YouTube|-UMli4xpm8c|Male urogenital development 3D animation}}
* {{YouTube|-UMli4xpm8c|Male urogenital development 3D animation}}
* {{YouTube|BIdQjHHXF4I|Female urogenital development 3D animation}}
* {{YouTube|BIdQjHHXF4I|Female urogenital development 3D animation}}
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{{Organ systems/ja}}
{{Organ systems}}
{{Dosage forms/ja}}
{{Dosage forms}}
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{{二次利用|date=22 February 2024}}
[[Category:Genitourinary system| ]]
[[Category:Genitourinary system| ]]
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