Translations:Vitamin B12/19/en: Difference between revisions

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Message definition (Vitamin B12)
The main type of [[vitamin B12 deficiency]] anemia is [[pernicious anemia]],  characterized by a [[List of medical triads and pentads|triad of symptoms]]:
# [[Anemia]] with bone marrow promegaloblastosis ([[megaloblastic anemia]]). This is due to the inhibition of [[DNA synthesis]] (specifically [[purines]] and [[thymidine]]).
# Gastrointestinal symptoms: alteration in bowel motility, such as mild [[diarrhea]] or [[constipation]], and loss of bladder or bowel control. These are thought to be due to defective DNA synthesis inhibiting replication in tissue sites with a high turnover of cells. This may also be due to the [[autoimmune]] attack on the [[parietal cell]]s of the stomach in pernicious anemia. There is an association with [[gastric antral vascular ectasia]] (which can be referred to as watermelon stomach), and pernicious anemia.
# Neurological symptoms: sensory or motor deficiencies (absent reflexes, diminished vibration or soft touch sensation) and [[subacute combined degeneration of spinal cord|subacute combined degeneration of the spinal cord]]. Deficiency symptoms in children include [[developmental delay]], [[developmental regression|regression]], [[irritability]], [[Abnormal involuntary movements|involuntary movements]] and [[hypotonia]].

The main type of vitamin B12 deficiency anemia is pernicious anemia, characterized by a triad of symptoms:

  1. Anemia with bone marrow promegaloblastosis (megaloblastic anemia). This is due to the inhibition of DNA synthesis (specifically purines and thymidine).
  2. Gastrointestinal symptoms: alteration in bowel motility, such as mild diarrhea or constipation, and loss of bladder or bowel control. These are thought to be due to defective DNA synthesis inhibiting replication in tissue sites with a high turnover of cells. This may also be due to the autoimmune attack on the parietal cells of the stomach in pernicious anemia. There is an association with gastric antral vascular ectasia (which can be referred to as watermelon stomach), and pernicious anemia.
  3. Neurological symptoms: sensory or motor deficiencies (absent reflexes, diminished vibration or soft touch sensation) and subacute combined degeneration of the spinal cord. Deficiency symptoms in children include developmental delay, regression, irritability, involuntary movements and hypotonia.
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