View source for Antidiarrheal

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{{Short description|Medicine to treat diarrhea}}
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="width:100%"
|+止瀉薬
|-
!一般名
!先発名
!class="unsortable"| 日本
!創薬/開発
!備考
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|ラクトミン([[Enterococcus faecium/ja]])<br />酪酸菌([[Clostridium butyricum/ja]])<br />糖化菌([[Bacillus subtilis/ja]])
|[https://www.torii.co.jp/iyakuDB/medical_info/bio_t.html ビオスリー] ([https://www.torii.co.jp/iyakuDB/data/pi/bio.pdf PI]) ([https://www.torii.co.jp/iyakuDB/data/if/if_bio.pdf IF])

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|販売
|[[鳥居薬品]]
|
|-
|ビフィズス菌([[Bifidobacterium/ja]])
|[https://medical.kowa.co.jp/product/item-43.html ラックビー] ([https://pins.japic.or.jp/pdf/newPINS/00060088.pdf PI]) ([https://medical.kowa.co.jp/asset/item/43/1-pi_119.pdf IF])
|販売
|[[Kowa (company)|興和]]
|
|-
|}
{{Pathnav|medication|frame=1}}
{{wiktionary|Antidiarrheal}}
An '''anti-diarrheal drug''' (or '''anti-diarrhoeal drug''' in British English) is any [[medication]] which provides symptomatic relief for [[diarrhea]].

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==Types==
* [[Electrolyte]] solutions, while not true antidiarrheals, are used to replace lost fluids and [[salt (chemistry)|salts]] in acute cases.
* [[Bulking agent]]s like [[methylcellulose]], [[guar gum]] or plant [[dietary fiber|fibre]] ([[bran]], [[sterculia]], [[Psyllium seed husks|isabgol]], etc.) are used for diarrhoea in functional bowel disease and to control [[ileostomy]] output.
* [[Absorption (chemistry)|Absorbent]]s absorb toxic substances that cause infective diarrhoea, methylcellulose is an absorbent.
* [[Anti-inflammatory]] compounds such as [[bismuth subsalicylate]].
* [[Anticholinergics]] reduce intestinal movement and are effective against both diarrhoea and accompanying cramping. 
* [[Opioid]]s' classical use besides pain relief is as an anti-diarrhoeal drug. Opioids have [[agonist]] actions on the intestinal opioid receptors, which when activated cause [[constipation]]. Drugs such as [[morphine]] or [[codeine]] can be used to relieve diarrhoea this way. A notable opioid for the purpose of relief of diarrhoea is [[loperamide]] which is only an agonist of the [[mu Opioid receptor|μ opioid receptor]]s in the large intestine and does not have opioid affects in the [[central nervous system]] as it doesn't cross the [[blood–brain barrier]] in significant amounts. This enables loperamide to be used to the same benefit as other opioid drugs but without the CNS side effects or potential for abuse.
*[[Octreotide]] (somatostatin analogue) may be used in hospitalized patients to treat secretory diarrhea.
* Some [[probiotics]] are suggested as a possible treatment for various forms of [[gastroenteritis]]. As a treatment for infectious diarrhea, probiotics are of no benefit to people who have the condition for more than two days, and there is no evidence they lessen the duration of diarrhea overall.

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==See also==
* [[ATC code A07]] ''Antidiarrheals, intestinal anti-inflammatory/anti-infective agents''

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{{Major Drug Groups}}
{{Antidiarrheals, intestinal anti-inflammatory/anti-infective agents}}

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{{二次利用|date=14 January 2024}}
[[Category:Antidiarrhoeals|*]]
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