View source for Genitourinary system

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{{Short description|Organ system of the reproductive organs and the urinary system}}
{{Infobox anatomy
| Name        = Genitourinary system
| Latin       = apparatus urogenitalis, systema urogenitale
| Image       = File:Female and male Organs.png
| Caption     = Some components of the female and male genitourinary system
| Image2      =
| Caption2    =
| Precursor   =
| System      =
| Artery      =
| Vein        =
| Nerve       =
| Lymph       =
}}
The '''genitourinary system''', or '''urogenital system''', are the [[organ (anatomy)|organs]] of the [[reproductive system]] and the [[urinary system]]. These are grouped together because of their proximity to each other, [[Development of the urinary and reproductive organs|their common embryological origin]] and the use of common pathways, like the [[male urethra]]. Also, because of their proximity, the systems are sometimes imaged together.

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The term "apparatus urogenitalis" was used in ''[[Nomina Anatomica]]'' (under [[splanchnologia]]) but is not used in the current ''[[Terminologia Anatomica]]''.

==Development== <!--T:3-->
{{Main|Development of the urinary system |Development of the reproductive system}}
The urinary and reproductive organs are developed from the [[intermediate mesoderm]]. The permanent organs of the adult are preceded by a set of structures that are purely embryonic and that, with the exception of the ducts, disappear almost entirely before the end of fetal life. These embryonic structures are on either side: the [[pronephros]], the [[mesonephros]] and the [[metanephros]] of the [[kidney]], and the [[Wolffian duct|Wolffian]] and [[Müllerian duct]]s of the [[sex organ]]. The pronephros disappears very early; the structural elements of the mesonephros mostly degenerate, but the [[gonad]] is developed in their place, with which the Wolffian duct remains as the duct in males, and the Müllerian as that of the female. Some of the tubules of the mesonephros form part of the permanent kidney.

==Disorders== <!--T:4-->
{{Further|Female genital disease|Male genital disease|Urologic disease}}
[[File:Genitourinary diseases world map-Deaths per million persons-WHO2012.svg|thumb|upright=1.3|Deaths due to genitourinary diseases per million persons in 2012 {{Div col|small=yes|colwidth=10em}}{{legend|#ffff20|22-87}}{{legend|#ffe820|88-106}}{{legend|#ffd820|107-123}}{{legend|#ffc020|124-137}}{{legend|#ffa020|138-148}}{{legend|#ff9a20|149-164}}{{legend|#f08015|165-177}}{{legend|#e06815|178-214}}{{legend|#d85010|215-255}}{{legend|#d02010|256-382}}{{div col end}}]]
Disorders of the genitourinary system includes a range of disorders from those that are asymptomatic to those that manifest an array of signs and symptoms.  Causes for these disorders include congenital anomalies, infectious diseases, [[Genitourinary tract injury|trauma]], or conditions that secondarily involve the urinary structure.

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To gain access to the body, [[pathogen]]s can penetrate mucous membranes lining the genitourinary tract.

=== Malformations === <!--T:6-->
Urogenital malformations include:
*[[Hypospadias]]
*[[Epispadias]]
*[[Labial fusion]]
*[[Varicocele]]

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As a medical specialty, '''genitourinary pathology''' is the subspecialty of [[surgical pathology]] which deals with the [[diagnosis]] and characterization of [[neoplasia|neoplastic]] and non-neoplastic [[disease]]s of the [[urinary tract]], male genital tract and testes. However, medical disorders of the kidneys are generally within the expertise of [[renal pathology|renal pathologists]]. Genitourinary [[pathology|pathologists]] generally work closely with [[urology|urologic surgeons]].

==External links== <!--T:8-->
* {{YouTube|-UMli4xpm8c|Male urogenital development 3D animation}}
* {{YouTube|BIdQjHHXF4I|Female urogenital development 3D animation}}

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{{Organ systems}}
{{Dosage forms}}

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{{二次利用|date=22 February 2024}}
[[Category:Genitourinary system| ]]
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