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 h English (en)=== Food preparation ===
[[File:A traditional mortar.jpg|thumb|left|upright|A traditional Indian mortar and pestle]]
[[File:Bangkajf.JPG|upright|thumb|''Bangkang pinawa'', literally "boat (''[[bangka (boat)|bangka]]'') for unpolished rice", an ancient mortar and pestle from the [[Philippines]]]]
Mortars are also used in cooking to prepare wet or oily ingredients such as [[guacamole]], [[hummus]], and [[pesto]] (which derives its name from the pestle pounding), as well as grinding spices into powder. The [[molcajete]], a version used by pre-Hispanic [[Mesoamerican]] cultures including the [[Aztec]] and [[Maya civilization|Maya]], stretching back several thousand years, is made of [[basalt]] and is used widely in Mexican cooking. Other [[Indigenous peoples of the Americas|Native American]] nations use [[mortar hole|mortars carved into the bedrock]] to grind [[acorn]]s and other nuts. Many such depressions can be found in their territories.
 h Japanese (ja)===食材の調理===
[[File:A traditional mortar.jpg|thumb|left|upright|インドの伝統的な乳鉢と乳棒]]
[[File:Bangkajf.JPG|upright|thumb|フィリピンの古代の乳鉢と乳棒、「バンカ・ピナワ」(文字通り「精白米の船」)]]
乳鉢は、[[Guacamole/ja|ワカモレ]]、[[Hummus/ja|フムス]]、[[Pesto/ja|ペスト]](その名前は乳棒で潰すことから派生している)などの湿った、または油っぽい食材の調理にも使われる。また、スパイスを粉末に挽くのにも使われる。[[Molcajete/ja|モルカヘテ]]は、[[:en:Aztec|アステカ]]や[[:en:Maya civilization|マヤ文明]]を含む先スペイン期の[[:en:Mesoamerican|メソアメリカ]]文化で数千年前から使われてきたもので、[[:en:Basalt|玄武岩]]製で、メキシコ料理で広く使用されている。他の[[:en:Indigenous peoples of the Americas|アメリカ先住民]]の部族は、[[:en:Mortar hole|岩盤に彫られた乳鉢]]を使って[[Acorn/ja|ドングリ]]やその他のナッツを挽いた。このような窪みは彼らの居住地域で多く見られる。