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 h English (en)Drugs are [[Drug class|Cassified]] in multiple ways. One of the key divisions is by level of [[:en:controlled substance|control]], which distinguishes [[prescription drug|prescription drug]]s (those that a [[pharmacist|pharmacist]] dispenses only on the [[medical prescription|order]] of a [[physician|physician]], [[physician assistant|physician assistant]], or qualified [[nursing|nurse]]) from [[over-the-counter drug|over-the-counter drug]]s (those that consumers can order for themselves). Another key distinction is between traditional [[small molecule|small molecule]] drugs, usually derived from [[chemical synthesis|chemical synthesis]], and [[biopharmaceutical|biopharmaceutical]]s, which include [[recombinant proteins|recombinant proteins]], [[vaccine|vaccine]]s, [[blood product|blood product]]s used [[therapy|therapeutically]] (such as [[IVIG|IVIG]]), [[gene therapy|gene therapy]], [[Monoclonal antibody|monoclonal antibodies]] and [[cell therapy|cell therapy]] (for instance, [[stem cell|stem cell]] therapies). Other ways to classify medicines are by mode of action, [[route of administration|route of administration]], [[biological system|biological system]] affected, or [[therapeutic effect|therapeutic effect]]s. An elaborate and widely used classification system is the [[Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical Classification System|Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical Classification System]]. The [[:en:World Health Organization|World Health Organization]] keeps a list of [[essential medicines|essential medicines]].
 h Japanese (ja)医薬品は複数の方法で[[Drug class/ja|分類]]されている。重要な区分のひとつは[[:en:controlled substance|管理]]レベルによるもので、[[prescription drug/ja|処方薬]]([[physician|医師]]、[[physian assistant|医師助手]]、[[nursing/ja|看護師]]の指示によってのみ[[pharmacist/ja|薬剤師]]が調剤するもの)と[[over-the-counter drug/ja|市販薬]](消費者が自分で注文できるもの)を区別している。もう一つの重要な区別は、通常化学合成から得られる従来の[[small molecule|低分子]]医薬品と、[[recombinant proteins/ja|組み換えタンパク質]]、[[vaccine/ja|ワクチン]]、[[therapy/ja|治療的]]に使用される[[blood product/ja|血液製剤]]([[IVIG/ja|IVIG]]など)、[[gene therapy/ja|遺伝子治療]]、[[Monoclonal antibody/ja|モノクローナル抗体]]、[[cell therapy/ja|細胞治療]]([[stem cell/ja|幹細胞]]治療など)を含むバイオ医薬品の区別である。その他、作用機序、[[route of administration|投与経路]]、影響を受ける[[biological system/ja|生物学的システム]]、[[therapeutic effect/ja|治療効果]]によって医薬品を分類する方法がある。精巧で広く使われている分類システムに、[[Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical Classification System/ja|解剖学的治療化学分類システム]]がある。[[:en:World Health Organization|世界保健機関]](WHO)は、[[essential medicines/ja|必須医薬品]]のリストを作成している。