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Immune organs vary by type of fish. The jawless fish have [[lymphoid tissue]] within the [[pronephros|anterior kidney]], and [[granulocyte]]s in the gut. They have [[Adaptive immunity in jawless fish|their own type of adaptive immune system]]; it makes use of [[variable lymphocyte receptor]]s (VLR) to generate immunity to a wide range of antigens, The result is much like that of jawed fishes and tetrapods, but it may have [[Convergent evolution|evolved separately]]. All jawed fishes have an [[adaptive immune system]] with B and T [[lymphocytes]] bearing [[immunoglobulin]]s and [[T cell receptor]]s respectively. This makes use of [[V(D)J recombination|Variable–Diversity–Joining rearrangement]] (V(D)J) to create immunity to a wide range of antigens. This system evolved once and is basal to the jawed vertebrate clade. Cartilaginous fish have three specialized organs that contain immune system cells: the epigonal organs around the gonads, [[Leydig's organ]] within the esophagus, and a [[spiral valve]] in their intestine, while their [[thymus]] and [[spleen]] have similar functions to those of the same organs in the immune systems of tetrapods. Teleosts have lymphocytes in the thymus, and other immune cells in the spleen and other organs.

Translations:Fish/81/en - Revision history

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