FuzzyBot: Importing a new version from external source

2024-02-21T10:18:17Z

Importing a new version from external source

New page

Coenzymes are small organic molecules that can be loosely or tightly bound to an enzyme. Coenzymes transport chemical groups from one enzyme to another. Examples include [[Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide|NADH]], [[Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate|NADPH]] and [[adenosine triphosphate]] (ATP). Some coenzymes, such as [[flavin mononucleotide]] (FMN), [[flavin adenine dinucleotide]] (FAD), [[thiamine pyrophosphate]] (TPP), and [[tetrahydrofolate]] (THF), are derived from [[vitamin]]s. These coenzymes cannot be synthesized by the body ''[[De novo synthesis|de novo]]'' and closely related compounds (vitamins) must be acquired from the diet. The chemical groups carried include:
* the [[hydride]] ion (H<sup>−</sup>), carried by [[nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide|NAD or NADP<sup>+</sup>]]
* the phosphate group, carried by [[adenosine triphosphate]]
* the acetyl group, carried by [[coenzyme A]]
* formyl, methenyl or methyl groups, carried by [[folic acid]] and
* the methyl group, carried by [[S-adenosylmethionine]]

Since coenzymes are chemically changed as a consequence of enzyme action, it is useful to consider coenzymes to be a special class of substrates, or second substrates, which are common to many different enzymes. For example, about 1000 enzymes are known to use the coenzyme NADH.

Translations:Enzyme/48/en - Revision history

FuzzyBot: Importing a new version from external source