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	<id>https://wiki.tiffa.net/w/index.php?action=history&amp;feed=atom&amp;title=Sporulation_in_Bacillus_subtilis%2Fja</id>
	<title>Sporulation in Bacillus subtilis/ja - Revision history</title>
	<link rel="self" type="application/atom+xml" href="https://wiki.tiffa.net/w/index.php?action=history&amp;feed=atom&amp;title=Sporulation_in_Bacillus_subtilis%2Fja"/>
	<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://wiki.tiffa.net/w/index.php?title=Sporulation_in_Bacillus_subtilis/ja&amp;action=history"/>
	<updated>2026-05-20T16:26:23Z</updated>
	<subtitle>Revision history for this page on the wiki</subtitle>
	<generator>MediaWiki 1.43.0</generator>
	<entry>
		<id>https://wiki.tiffa.net/w/index.php?title=Sporulation_in_Bacillus_subtilis/ja&amp;diff=140498&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>Fire: Created page with &quot;{{portal bar|Biology}}&quot;</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://wiki.tiffa.net/w/index.php?title=Sporulation_in_Bacillus_subtilis/ja&amp;diff=140498&amp;oldid=prev"/>
		<updated>2024-04-17T12:43:51Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Created page with &amp;quot;{{portal bar|Biology}}&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;table style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122;&quot; data-mw=&quot;interface&quot;&gt;
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				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;← Older revision&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;Revision as of 21:43, 17 April 2024&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l60&quot;&gt;Line 60:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Line 60:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UHsqFjP1dZg Video - Sporulation in &amp;#039;&amp;#039;Bacillus subtilis&amp;#039;&amp;#039;]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UHsqFjP1dZg Video - Sporulation in &amp;#039;&amp;#039;Bacillus subtilis&amp;#039;&amp;#039;]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&amp;lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&amp;gt;&lt;/del&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-added&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;{{portal bar|Biology}}&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;{{portal bar|Biology}}&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;/del&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-added&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&amp;lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&amp;gt;&lt;/del&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-added&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;{{二次利用|date=3 December 2023}}&lt;/del&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-added&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;[[Category:Bacillus]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;[[Category:Bacillus]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;[[Category:Bacteriology]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;[[Category:Bacteriology]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;[[Category:Gram-positive bacteria]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;[[Category:Gram-positive bacteria]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;/del&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-added&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Fire</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://wiki.tiffa.net/w/index.php?title=Sporulation_in_Bacillus_subtilis/ja&amp;diff=140495&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>Fire: Created page with &quot;== 外部リンク == * [http://genolist.pasteur.fr/SubtiList/ SubtiList - GenoList - Institut Pasteur] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20170628074523/http://subtiliswiki.net/wiki/index.php/Main_Page SubtilisWiki] (archived) * [http://partsregistry.org/Bacillus_subtilis &#039;&#039;Bacillus subtilis&#039;&#039; - Parts Registry] * [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UHsqFjP1dZg Video - Sporulation in &#039;&#039;Bacillus subtilis&#039;&#039;]&quot;</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://wiki.tiffa.net/w/index.php?title=Sporulation_in_Bacillus_subtilis/ja&amp;diff=140495&amp;oldid=prev"/>
		<updated>2024-04-17T12:43:08Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Created page with &amp;quot;== 外部リンク == * [http://genolist.pasteur.fr/SubtiList/ SubtiList - GenoList - Institut Pasteur] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20170628074523/http://subtiliswiki.net/wiki/index.php/Main_Page SubtilisWiki] (archived) * [http://partsregistry.org/Bacillus_subtilis &amp;#039;&amp;#039;Bacillus subtilis&amp;#039;&amp;#039; - Parts Registry] * [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UHsqFjP1dZg Video - Sporulation in &amp;#039;&amp;#039;Bacillus subtilis&amp;#039;&amp;#039;]&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;table style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122;&quot; data-mw=&quot;interface&quot;&gt;
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				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;← Older revision&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;Revision as of 21:43, 17 April 2024&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l46&quot;&gt;Line 46:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Line 46:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;|}&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;|}&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&amp;lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&amp;gt;&lt;/del&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;== &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;真核生物における相同ネットワーク{{Anchor|&lt;/ins&gt;Homologous networks in eukaryotes&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;}} &lt;/ins&gt;==&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;== Homologous networks in eukaryotes ==&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;胞子は、多くの細菌、&lt;/ins&gt;[[plant&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;/ja|植物&lt;/ins&gt;]]&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;、&lt;/ins&gt;[[algae&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;/ja|藻類&lt;/ins&gt;]]&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;、&lt;/ins&gt;[[&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;fungus/ja&lt;/ins&gt;|&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;菌類&lt;/ins&gt;]]&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;、いくつかの&lt;/ins&gt;[[protozoa&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;/ja|原生動物&lt;/ins&gt;]]&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;など、多様な生物のライフサイクルの一部を形成している。&lt;/ins&gt;&#039;&#039;[[Saccharomyces cerevisiae&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;/ja|サッカロマイセス・セレビシエ&lt;/ins&gt;]]&#039;&#039;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;（真菌類）では、胞子形成を活性化する初期遺伝子のセットはIme1（Inducer &lt;/ins&gt;of Meiosis &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;1）によって誘導され、中間遺伝子の制御因子はNdt80pである。&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Spores form a part of the life cycles of a diverse range of organisms such as many bacteria, &lt;/del&gt;[[plant]]&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;s, &lt;/del&gt;[[algae]]&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;, &lt;/del&gt;[[&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Fungus&lt;/del&gt;|&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;fungi&lt;/del&gt;]] &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;and some &lt;/del&gt;[[protozoa]]&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;. In &lt;/del&gt;&#039;&#039;[[Saccharomyces cerevisiae]]&#039;&#039; &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;(Kingdom Fungi), the set of early genes activating sporulation is induced by Ime1 (Inducer &lt;/del&gt;of Meiosis &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;1) and a regulator of middle genes is Ndt80p.&lt;/del&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-added&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;/del&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-added&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&amp;lt;div lang&lt;/del&gt;=&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&quot;en&quot; dir&lt;/del&gt;=&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&amp;gt;&lt;/del&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;== &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;こちらも参照 &lt;/ins&gt;==&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;== See also &lt;/del&gt;==&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;* [[Bacillus&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;/ja&lt;/ins&gt;]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;* [[Bacillus]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;* [[Sporophyte&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;/ja&lt;/ins&gt;]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;* [[Sporophyte]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;* [[Bacillus subtilis&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;/ja&lt;/ins&gt;]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;* [[Bacillus subtilis]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-added&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;/del&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-added&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&amp;lt;div lang&lt;/del&gt;=&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&quot;en&quot; dir&lt;/del&gt;=&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&amp;gt;&lt;/del&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;== &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;外部リンク &lt;/ins&gt;==&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;== External links &lt;/del&gt;==&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-added&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;* [http://genolist.pasteur.fr/SubtiList/ SubtiList - GenoList - Institut Pasteur]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;* [http://genolist.pasteur.fr/SubtiList/ SubtiList - GenoList - Institut Pasteur]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;* [https://web.archive.org/web/20170628074523/http://subtiliswiki.net/wiki/index.php/Main_Page SubtilisWiki] (archived)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;* [https://web.archive.org/web/20170628074523/http://subtiliswiki.net/wiki/index.php/Main_Page SubtilisWiki] (archived)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;* [http://partsregistry.org/Bacillus_subtilis &amp;#039;&amp;#039;Bacillus subtilis&amp;#039;&amp;#039; - Parts Registry]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;* [http://partsregistry.org/Bacillus_subtilis &amp;#039;&amp;#039;Bacillus subtilis&amp;#039;&amp;#039; - Parts Registry]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UHsqFjP1dZg Video - Sporulation in &amp;#039;&amp;#039;Bacillus subtilis&amp;#039;&amp;#039;]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UHsqFjP1dZg Video - Sporulation in &amp;#039;&amp;#039;Bacillus subtilis&amp;#039;&amp;#039;]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;/del&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-added&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&amp;lt;div lang=&amp;quot;en&amp;quot; dir=&amp;quot;ltr&amp;quot; class=&amp;quot;mw-content-ltr&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&amp;lt;div lang=&amp;quot;en&amp;quot; dir=&amp;quot;ltr&amp;quot; class=&amp;quot;mw-content-ltr&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Fire</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://wiki.tiffa.net/w/index.php?title=Sporulation_in_Bacillus_subtilis/ja&amp;diff=140491&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>Fire: Created page with &quot;図2. 枯草菌の胞子形成開始に関する遺伝子制御ネットワーク 以下の表において、&#039;&#039;&#039;&#039;アクチベーター&#039;&#039;&#039;&#039;とは、最終的に胞子形成の開始をもたらす遺伝子／タンパク質を指し、&#039;&#039;&#039;&#039;リプレッサー&#039;&#039;&#039;&#039;とは、この胞子形成の開始を阻害するものを指す。 {| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; |- ! アクティベ...&quot;</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://wiki.tiffa.net/w/index.php?title=Sporulation_in_Bacillus_subtilis/ja&amp;diff=140491&amp;oldid=prev"/>
		<updated>2024-04-17T12:41:37Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Created page with &amp;quot;&lt;a href=&quot;/wiki/File:Gene_Regulatory_Network_for_Initiation_of_Sporulation_in_Bacillus_subtilis.png&quot; title=&quot;File:Gene Regulatory Network for Initiation of Sporulation in Bacillus subtilis.png&quot;&gt;thumb|図2. 枯草菌の胞子形成開始に関する遺伝子制御ネットワーク&lt;/a&gt; 以下の表において、&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;アクチベーター&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;とは、最終的に胞子形成の開始をもたらす遺伝子／タンパク質を指し、&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;リプレッサー&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;とは、この胞子形成の開始を阻害するものを指す。 {| class=&amp;quot;wikitable sortable&amp;quot; |- ! アクティベ...&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;table style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122;&quot; data-mw=&quot;interface&quot;&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-content&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-content&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;tr class=&quot;diff-title&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot;&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;← Older revision&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;Revision as of 21:41, 17 April 2024&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l15&quot;&gt;Line 15:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Line 15:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;胞子形成の開始には、σHとSpo0Aという2つの[[Transcription (genetics)/ja|転写]]制御因子が重要な役割を果たす。主にSpo0A〜Pの蓄積濃度を制御することによって、さらにいくつかのタンパク質が関与している。Spo0Aは、Kin-Spo0F-Spo0B-Spo0Aという一連のタンパク質間リン酸化反応の末端に位置し、「[http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/phosphorelay phosphorelay]」と呼ばれている。Spo0A〜Pの蓄積濃度を制御するこれらの様々な因子の制御とそれらの相互作用については、[http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Gene_Regulatory_Network_for_Initiation_of_Sporulation_in_Bacillus_subtilis.png 図2]に詳しく述べられている：&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;胞子形成の開始には、σHとSpo0Aという2つの[[Transcription (genetics)/ja|転写]]制御因子が重要な役割を果たす。主にSpo0A〜Pの蓄積濃度を制御することによって、さらにいくつかのタンパク質が関与している。Spo0Aは、Kin-Spo0F-Spo0B-Spo0Aという一連のタンパク質間リン酸化反応の末端に位置し、「[http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/phosphorelay phosphorelay]」と呼ばれている。Spo0A〜Pの蓄積濃度を制御するこれらの様々な因子の制御とそれらの相互作用については、[http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Gene_Regulatory_Network_for_Initiation_of_Sporulation_in_Bacillus_subtilis.png 図2]に詳しく述べられている：&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&amp;lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&amp;gt;&lt;/del&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;[[File:Gene Regulatory Network for Initiation of Sporulation in Bacillus subtilis.png|thumb|&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;図2&lt;/ins&gt;. &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;枯草菌の胞子形成開始に関する遺伝子制御ネットワーク&lt;/ins&gt;]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;[[File:Gene Regulatory Network for Initiation of Sporulation in Bacillus subtilis.png|thumb|&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Fig2&lt;/del&gt;. &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Gene Regulatory Network for Initiation of Sporulation in Bacillus subtilis&lt;/del&gt;]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;以下の表において、&lt;/ins&gt;&#039;&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;アクチベーター&lt;/ins&gt;&#039;&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;とは、最終的に胞子形成の開始をもたらす遺伝子／タンパク質を指し、&lt;/ins&gt;&#039;&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;リプレッサー&lt;/ins&gt;&#039;&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;とは、この胞子形成の開始を阻害するものを指す。&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;In the table below, the term &lt;/del&gt;&#039;&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Activators&lt;/del&gt;&#039;&#039;&#039;&#039; &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;refers to genes/proteins that ultimately result in initiation of sporulation and &lt;/del&gt;&#039;&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Repressors&lt;/del&gt;&#039;&#039;&#039;&#039; &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;refers to the ones that inhibit this initiation of sporulation.&lt;/del&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-added&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable sortable&amp;quot;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable sortable&amp;quot;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;|-&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;|-&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;! &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Activators &lt;/del&gt;!! &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Regulation &lt;/del&gt;!! &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Repressors &lt;/del&gt;!! &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Regulation&lt;/del&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;! &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;アクティベーター &lt;/ins&gt;!! &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;レギュレーション &lt;/ins&gt;!! &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;リプレッサー &lt;/ins&gt;!! &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;レギュレーション&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;|-&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;|-&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;| KinA || Transfers phosphate to the Spo0F || Sda || Blocks autophosphorylation of KinA&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;| KinA || Transfers phosphate to the Spo0F || Sda || Blocks autophosphorylation of KinA&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l46&quot;&gt;Line 46:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Line 45:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;| PhrH || Inhibits RapH ||  ||&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;| PhrH || Inhibits RapH ||  ||&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;|}&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;|}&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;/del&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-added&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&amp;lt;div lang=&amp;quot;en&amp;quot; dir=&amp;quot;ltr&amp;quot; class=&amp;quot;mw-content-ltr&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&amp;lt;div lang=&amp;quot;en&amp;quot; dir=&amp;quot;ltr&amp;quot; class=&amp;quot;mw-content-ltr&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Fire</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://wiki.tiffa.net/w/index.php?title=Sporulation_in_Bacillus_subtilis/ja&amp;diff=140489&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>Fire: Created page with &quot;== 制御点{{Anchor|Control points}} == 胞子形成の開始には、σHとSpo0Aという2つの転写制御因子が重要な役割を果たす。主にSpo0A〜Pの蓄積濃度を制御することによって、さらにいくつかのタンパク質が関与している。Spo0Aは、Kin-Spo0F-Spo0B-Spo0Aという一連のタンパク質間リン酸化反応の末端に位置し、「[http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/phosphorelay phosphor...&quot;</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://wiki.tiffa.net/w/index.php?title=Sporulation_in_Bacillus_subtilis/ja&amp;diff=140489&amp;oldid=prev"/>
		<updated>2024-04-17T12:39:43Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Created page with &amp;quot;== 制御点{{Anchor|Control points}} == 胞子形成の開始には、σHとSpo0Aという2つの&lt;a href=&quot;/w/index.php?title=Transcription_(genetics)/ja&amp;amp;action=edit&amp;amp;redlink=1&quot; class=&quot;new&quot; title=&quot;Transcription (genetics)/ja (page does not exist)&quot;&gt;転写&lt;/a&gt;制御因子が重要な役割を果たす。主にSpo0A〜Pの蓄積濃度を制御することによって、さらにいくつかのタンパク質が関与している。Spo0Aは、Kin-Spo0F-Spo0B-Spo0Aという一連のタンパク質間リン酸化反応の末端に位置し、「[http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/phosphorelay phosphor...&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;table style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122;&quot; data-mw=&quot;interface&quot;&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-content&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-content&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;tr class=&quot;diff-title&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot;&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;← Older revision&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;Revision as of 21:39, 17 April 2024&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l12&quot;&gt;Line 12:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Line 12:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;胞子形成には多くの時間と多くのエネルギーが必要であり、基本的に不可逆的である。そのため、細胞は周囲の環境を効率的にモニターし、最も適切なタイミングでのみ胞子形成に着手できるようにすることが重要である。条件が厳しすぎると植物細胞は死んでしまうし、植物成長に適した環境で胞子を形成する細菌は競争に負けてしまう。要するに、胞子形成の開始は非常に緊密な[[Regulation of gene expression/ja|制御]][[Biological network/ja|ネットワーク]]であり、効率的な制御のために多数のチェックポイントが存在する。&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;胞子形成には多くの時間と多くのエネルギーが必要であり、基本的に不可逆的である。そのため、細胞は周囲の環境を効率的にモニターし、最も適切なタイミングでのみ胞子形成に着手できるようにすることが重要である。条件が厳しすぎると植物細胞は死んでしまうし、植物成長に適した環境で胞子を形成する細菌は競争に負けてしまう。要するに、胞子形成の開始は非常に緊密な[[Regulation of gene expression/ja|制御]][[Biological network/ja|ネットワーク]]であり、効率的な制御のために多数のチェックポイントが存在する。&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&amp;lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&amp;gt;&lt;/del&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;== &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;制御点{{Anchor|&lt;/ins&gt;Control points&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;}} &lt;/ins&gt;==&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;== Control points ==&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;胞子形成の開始には、σHとSpo0Aという2つの&lt;/ins&gt;[[Transcription (genetics)&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;/ja&lt;/ins&gt;|&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;転写&lt;/ins&gt;]]&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;制御因子が重要な役割を果たす。主にSpo0A〜Pの蓄積濃度を制御することによって、さらにいくつかのタンパク質が関与している。Spo0Aは、Kin-Spo0F-Spo0B&lt;/ins&gt;-&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Spo0Aという一連のタンパク質間リン酸化反応の末端に位置し、「&lt;/ins&gt;[http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/phosphorelay phosphorelay]&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;」と呼ばれている。Spo0A〜Pの蓄積濃度を制御するこれらの様々な因子の制御とそれらの相互作用については、&lt;/ins&gt;[http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Gene_Regulatory_Network_for_Initiation_of_Sporulation_in_Bacillus_subtilis.png &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;図2&lt;/ins&gt;]&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;に詳しく述べられている：&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Two &lt;/del&gt;[[Transcription (genetics)|&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;transcriptional&lt;/del&gt;]] &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;regulators, σH and Spo0A, play key roles in initiation of sporulation. Several additional proteins participate, mainly by controlling the accumulated concentration of Spo0A~P. Spo0A lies at the end of a series of inter&lt;/del&gt;-&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;protein phosphotransfer reactions, Kin–Spo0F–Spo0B–Spo0A, termed as a ‘&lt;/del&gt;[http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/phosphorelay phosphorelay]&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;’. The regulation of these various factors controlling the accumulated concentration of Spo0A~P, and their interactions are described in detail in &lt;/del&gt;[http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Gene_Regulatory_Network_for_Initiation_of_Sporulation_in_Bacillus_subtilis.png &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Figure2&lt;/del&gt;]&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/del&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-added&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;/del&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-added&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&amp;lt;div lang=&amp;quot;en&amp;quot; dir=&amp;quot;ltr&amp;quot; class=&amp;quot;mw-content-ltr&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&amp;lt;div lang=&amp;quot;en&amp;quot; dir=&amp;quot;ltr&amp;quot; class=&amp;quot;mw-content-ltr&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Fire</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://wiki.tiffa.net/w/index.php?title=Sporulation_in_Bacillus_subtilis/ja&amp;diff=140487&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>Fire: Created page with &quot;=== 調節の性質 === 胞子形成には多くの時間と多くのエネルギーが必要であり、基本的に不可逆的である。そのため、細胞は周囲の環境を効率的にモニターし、最も適切なタイミングでのみ胞子形成に着手できるようにすることが重要である。条件が厳しすぎると植物細胞は死んでしまうし、植物成長に適した環境で胞子を形成する細菌は競争に負けてし...&quot;</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://wiki.tiffa.net/w/index.php?title=Sporulation_in_Bacillus_subtilis/ja&amp;diff=140487&amp;oldid=prev"/>
		<updated>2024-04-17T12:38:20Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Created page with &amp;quot;=== 調節の性質 === 胞子形成には多くの時間と多くのエネルギーが必要であり、基本的に不可逆的である。そのため、細胞は周囲の環境を効率的にモニターし、最も適切なタイミングでのみ胞子形成に着手できるようにすることが重要である。条件が厳しすぎると植物細胞は死んでしまうし、植物成長に適した環境で胞子を形成する細菌は競争に負けてし...&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;table style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122;&quot; data-mw=&quot;interface&quot;&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-content&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-content&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;tr class=&quot;diff-title&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot;&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;← Older revision&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;Revision as of 21:38, 17 April 2024&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l9&quot;&gt;Line 9:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Line 9:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;枯草菌の胞子形成は飢餓によって誘導されるが、栄養制限によって成長が鈍化した場合、直ちに胞子形成プログラムが開始されるわけではない。[[chemotaxis/ja|化学走性]]によって新たな食物源を探すための[[Flagellum/ja|鞭毛]]運動の活性化、競合する土壌微生物を破壊するための[[Antibacterial/ja|抗菌]]の産生など、様々な代替反応が起こりうる、 細胞外タンパク質や[[polysaccharide/ja|多糖類]]を除去するための加水分解性[[enzyme/ja|酵素]]の分泌、あるいは外来[[DNA/ja|DNA]]を取り込んで消費するための&amp;#039;[[Competence (biology)/ja|コンピテンス]]&amp;#039;の誘導などである。胞子形成は飢餓に対する最終的な反応であり、代替反応が不十分であることが判明するまで抑制される。その場合でも、[[chromosome/ja|染色体]]の完全性、染色体複製の状態、[[Citric acid cycle/ja|クレブスサイクル]]の機能など、一定の条件が満たされなければならない。&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;枯草菌の胞子形成は飢餓によって誘導されるが、栄養制限によって成長が鈍化した場合、直ちに胞子形成プログラムが開始されるわけではない。[[chemotaxis/ja|化学走性]]によって新たな食物源を探すための[[Flagellum/ja|鞭毛]]運動の活性化、競合する土壌微生物を破壊するための[[Antibacterial/ja|抗菌]]の産生など、様々な代替反応が起こりうる、 細胞外タンパク質や[[polysaccharide/ja|多糖類]]を除去するための加水分解性[[enzyme/ja|酵素]]の分泌、あるいは外来[[DNA/ja|DNA]]を取り込んで消費するための&amp;#039;[[Competence (biology)/ja|コンピテンス]]&amp;#039;の誘導などである。胞子形成は飢餓に対する最終的な反応であり、代替反応が不十分であることが判明するまで抑制される。その場合でも、[[chromosome/ja|染色体]]の完全性、染色体複製の状態、[[Citric acid cycle/ja|クレブスサイクル]]の機能など、一定の条件が満たされなければならない。&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&amp;lt;div lang&lt;/del&gt;=&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&amp;gt;&lt;/del&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;=== &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;調節の性質 &lt;/ins&gt;===&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;==&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;= Nature of regulation &lt;/del&gt;===&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;胞子形成には多くの時間と多くのエネルギーが必要であり、基本的に不可逆的である。そのため、細胞は周囲の環境を効率的にモニターし、最も適切なタイミングでのみ胞子形成に着手できるようにすることが重要である。条件が厳しすぎると植物細胞は死んでしまうし、植物成長に適した環境で胞子を形成する細菌は競争に負けてしまう。要するに、胞子形成の開始は非常に緊密な&lt;/ins&gt;[[Regulation of gene expression&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;/ja&lt;/ins&gt;|&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;制御&lt;/ins&gt;]][[Biological network&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;/ja&lt;/ins&gt;|&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;ネットワーク&lt;/ins&gt;]]&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;であり、効率的な制御のために多数のチェックポイントが存在する。&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Sporulation requires a great deal of time and also a lot of energy and is essentially irreversible, making it crucial for a cell to monitor its surroundings efficiently and ensure that sporulation is embarked upon at only the most appropriate times. The wrong decision can be catastrophic: a vegetative cell will die if the conditions are too harsh, while bacteria forming spores in an environment which is conducive to vegetative growth will be out competed. In short, initiation of sporulation is a very tightly &lt;/del&gt;[[Regulation of gene expression|&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;regulated&lt;/del&gt;]] [[Biological network|&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;network&lt;/del&gt;]] &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;with numerous checkpoints for efficient control.&lt;/del&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-added&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;/del&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-added&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&amp;lt;div lang=&amp;quot;en&amp;quot; dir=&amp;quot;ltr&amp;quot; class=&amp;quot;mw-content-ltr&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&amp;lt;div lang=&amp;quot;en&amp;quot; dir=&amp;quot;ltr&amp;quot; class=&amp;quot;mw-content-ltr&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Fire</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://wiki.tiffa.net/w/index.php?title=Sporulation_in_Bacillus_subtilis/ja&amp;diff=140485&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>Fire: Created page with &quot;=== 胞子形成へのコミットメント === 枯草菌の胞子形成は飢餓によって誘導されるが、栄養制限によって成長が鈍化した場合、直ちに胞子形成プログラムが開始されるわけではない。化学走性によって新たな食物源を探すための鞭毛運動の活性化、競合する土壌微生物を破壊するための抗菌の産生など、様々な代...&quot;</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://wiki.tiffa.net/w/index.php?title=Sporulation_in_Bacillus_subtilis/ja&amp;diff=140485&amp;oldid=prev"/>
		<updated>2024-04-17T12:37:09Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Created page with &amp;quot;=== 胞子形成へのコミットメント === 枯草菌の胞子形成は飢餓によって誘導されるが、栄養制限によって成長が鈍化した場合、直ちに胞子形成プログラムが開始されるわけではない。&lt;a href=&quot;/w/index.php?title=Chemotaxis/ja&amp;amp;action=edit&amp;amp;redlink=1&quot; class=&quot;new&quot; title=&quot;Chemotaxis/ja (page does not exist)&quot;&gt;化学走性&lt;/a&gt;によって新たな食物源を探すための&lt;a href=&quot;/w/index.php?title=Flagellum/ja&amp;amp;action=edit&amp;amp;redlink=1&quot; class=&quot;new&quot; title=&quot;Flagellum/ja (page does not exist)&quot;&gt;鞭毛&lt;/a&gt;運動の活性化、競合する土壌微生物を破壊するための&lt;a href=&quot;/w/index.php?title=Antibacterial/ja&amp;amp;action=edit&amp;amp;redlink=1&quot; class=&quot;new&quot; title=&quot;Antibacterial/ja (page does not exist)&quot;&gt;抗菌&lt;/a&gt;の産生など、様々な代...&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;table style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122;&quot; data-mw=&quot;interface&quot;&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-content&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; /&gt;
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				&lt;tr class=&quot;diff-title&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot;&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;← Older revision&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;Revision as of 21:37, 17 April 2024&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l6&quot;&gt;Line 6:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Line 6:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;== 概要{{Anchor|Overview}} ==&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;== 概要{{Anchor|Overview}} ==&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&amp;lt;div lang&lt;/del&gt;=&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&quot;en&quot; dir&lt;/del&gt;=&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&quot;ltr&quot; class&lt;/del&gt;=&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&amp;gt;&lt;/del&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;=== &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;胞子形成へのコミットメント &lt;/ins&gt;===&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;=== Commitment to sporulation &lt;/del&gt;===&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;枯草菌の胞子形成は飢餓によって誘導されるが、栄養制限によって成長が鈍化した場合、直ちに胞子形成プログラムが開始されるわけではない。[[chemotaxis/ja|化学走性]]によって新たな食物源を探すための&lt;/ins&gt;[[Flagellum&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;/ja&lt;/ins&gt;|&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;鞭毛&lt;/ins&gt;]]&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;運動の活性化、競合する土壌微生物を破壊するための&lt;/ins&gt;[[&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Antibacterial/ja|抗菌&lt;/ins&gt;]]&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;の産生など、様々な代替反応が起こりうる、 細胞外タンパク質や&lt;/ins&gt;[[&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;polysaccharide/ja&lt;/ins&gt;|&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;多糖類&lt;/ins&gt;]]&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;を除去するための加水分解性&lt;/ins&gt;[[enzyme&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;/ja|酵素&lt;/ins&gt;]]&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;の分泌、あるいは外来&lt;/ins&gt;[[&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;DNA/ja|DNA&lt;/ins&gt;]]&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;を取り込んで消費するための&#039;&lt;/ins&gt;[[Competence (biology)&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;/ja&lt;/ins&gt;|&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;コンピテンス&lt;/ins&gt;]]&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&#039;の誘導などである。胞子形成は飢餓に対する最終的な反応であり、代替反応が不十分であることが判明するまで抑制される。その場合でも、&lt;/ins&gt;[[chromosome&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;/ja|染色体&lt;/ins&gt;]]&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;の完全性、染色体複製の状態、&lt;/ins&gt;[[Citric acid cycle&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;/ja&lt;/ins&gt;|&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;クレブスサイクル&lt;/ins&gt;]]&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;の機能など、一定の条件が満たされなければならない。&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Although sporulation in&#039;&#039; B. subtilis&#039;&#039; is induced by starvation, the sporulation developmental program is not initiated immediately when growth slows due to nutrient limitation. A variety of alternative responses can occur, including the activation of &lt;/del&gt;[[Flagellum|&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;flagellar&lt;/del&gt;]] &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;motility to seek new food sources by &lt;/del&gt;[[&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;chemotaxis&lt;/del&gt;]]&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;, the production of &lt;/del&gt;[[&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Antibacterial&lt;/del&gt;|&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;antibiotics&lt;/del&gt;]] &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;to destroy competing soil microbes, the secretion of hydrolytic &lt;/del&gt;[[enzyme]]&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;s to scavenge extracellular proteins and &lt;/del&gt;[[&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;polysaccharide&lt;/del&gt;]]&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;s, or the induction of ‘&lt;/del&gt;[[Competence (biology)|&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;competence&lt;/del&gt;]]&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;’ for uptake of exogenous [[DNA]] for consumption, with the occasional side-effect that new genetic information is stably integrated. Sporulation is the last-ditch response to starvation and is suppressed until alternative responses prove inadequate. Even then, certain conditions must be met such as &lt;/del&gt;[[chromosome]] &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;integrity, the state of chromosomal replication, and the functioning of the &lt;/del&gt;[[Citric acid cycle|&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Krebs cycle&lt;/del&gt;]]&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;.&lt;/del&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-added&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;/del&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-added&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&amp;lt;div lang=&amp;quot;en&amp;quot; dir=&amp;quot;ltr&amp;quot; class=&amp;quot;mw-content-ltr&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&amp;lt;div lang=&amp;quot;en&amp;quot; dir=&amp;quot;ltr&amp;quot; class=&amp;quot;mw-content-ltr&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Fire</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://wiki.tiffa.net/w/index.php?title=Sporulation_in_Bacillus_subtilis/ja&amp;diff=140483&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>Fire: Created page with &quot;== 概要{{Anchor|Overview}} ==&quot;</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://wiki.tiffa.net/w/index.php?title=Sporulation_in_Bacillus_subtilis/ja&amp;diff=140483&amp;oldid=prev"/>
		<updated>2024-04-17T12:33:57Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Created page with &amp;quot;== 概要{{Anchor|Overview}} ==&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;table style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122;&quot; data-mw=&quot;interface&quot;&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; /&gt;
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				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;← Older revision&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;Revision as of 21:33, 17 April 2024&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l3&quot;&gt;Line 3:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Line 3:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;枯草菌（Bacillus subtilis）&amp;#039;&amp;#039;は、土壌や植物に自然に存在し、小さくて丈夫で代謝的に休眠したエンドスポアを形成する能力で知られる、桿菌であり、[[Gram-positive bacteria/ja|グラム陽性]]の[[bacteria/ja|バクテリア]]である。&amp;#039;&amp;#039;枯草菌&amp;#039;&amp;#039;は対称的に分裂して2つの[[Cell division/ja|娘細胞]]（[[Fission (biology)/ja|二分裂]]）を作ることも、非対称的に1つの環境要因（熱、[[desiccation/ja|乾燥]]、放射線、化学的攻撃など）に耐性のあるエンドスポアを生成することもできる。これは長期間環境中に持続することができます。エンドスポアは栄養ストレス時に形成され、生物が環境中で生き延びることを可能にする。エンドスポア形成のプロセスは、2つの娘細胞の根本的な[[Morphology (biology)/ja|形態]]と[[Physiology/ja|生理学]]的な変化をもたらす。このプロセスは、最終的には1つの娘細胞（スポア）の代謝活動の停止と他の娘細胞（‘母細胞’）の[[lysis/ja|死]]に伴う過程である。&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;枯草菌（Bacillus subtilis）&amp;#039;&amp;#039;は、土壌や植物に自然に存在し、小さくて丈夫で代謝的に休眠したエンドスポアを形成する能力で知られる、桿菌であり、[[Gram-positive bacteria/ja|グラム陽性]]の[[bacteria/ja|バクテリア]]である。&amp;#039;&amp;#039;枯草菌&amp;#039;&amp;#039;は対称的に分裂して2つの[[Cell division/ja|娘細胞]]（[[Fission (biology)/ja|二分裂]]）を作ることも、非対称的に1つの環境要因（熱、[[desiccation/ja|乾燥]]、放射線、化学的攻撃など）に耐性のあるエンドスポアを生成することもできる。これは長期間環境中に持続することができます。エンドスポアは栄養ストレス時に形成され、生物が環境中で生き延びることを可能にする。エンドスポア形成のプロセスは、2つの娘細胞の根本的な[[Morphology (biology)/ja|形態]]と[[Physiology/ja|生理学]]的な変化をもたらす。このプロセスは、最終的には1つの娘細胞（スポア）の代謝活動の停止と他の娘細胞（‘母細胞’）の[[lysis/ja|死]]に伴う過程である。&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&amp;lt;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;div lang&lt;/del&gt;=&quot;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&lt;/del&gt;&quot;&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&amp;lt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;span id&lt;/ins&gt;=&quot;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Overview&lt;/ins&gt;&quot;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/span&lt;/ins&gt;&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;== Overview ==&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;== &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;概要{{Anchor|&lt;/ins&gt;Overview&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;}} &lt;/ins&gt;==&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;/del&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-added&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&amp;lt;div lang=&amp;quot;en&amp;quot; dir=&amp;quot;ltr&amp;quot; class=&amp;quot;mw-content-ltr&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&amp;lt;div lang=&amp;quot;en&amp;quot; dir=&amp;quot;ltr&amp;quot; class=&amp;quot;mw-content-ltr&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Fire</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://wiki.tiffa.net/w/index.php?title=Sporulation_in_Bacillus_subtilis/ja&amp;diff=140481&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>Fire: Created page with &quot;File:Sporulation in Bacillus subtilis.jpg|alt=図のキャプション 植物成長にある枯草菌（ステージI）は不利な条件にあるため、胞子形成のプロセスを開始する。好ましくない条件の例としては、必要な栄養素が不足していたり、暑すぎたり、寒すぎたりする環境が挙げられる。Zリングの締め付けから非対称（不均等）分裂が起こる（ステージII）。Zリングは複数...&quot;</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://wiki.tiffa.net/w/index.php?title=Sporulation_in_Bacillus_subtilis/ja&amp;diff=140481&amp;oldid=prev"/>
		<updated>2024-04-17T12:33:42Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Created page with &amp;quot;File:Sporulation in Bacillus subtilis.jpg|alt=図のキャプション 植物成長にある枯草菌（ステージI）は不利な条件にあるため、胞子形成のプロセスを開始する。好ましくない条件の例としては、必要な栄養素が不足していたり、暑すぎたり、寒すぎたりする環境が挙げられる。Zリングの締め付けから非対称（不均等）分裂が起こる（ステージII）。Zリングは複数...&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;table style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122;&quot; data-mw=&quot;interface&quot;&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-content&quot; /&gt;
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				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;← Older revision&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;Revision as of 21:33, 17 April 2024&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l1&quot;&gt;Line 1:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Line 1:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&amp;lt;languages /&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&amp;lt;languages /&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&amp;lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&amp;gt;&lt;/del&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;[[File:Sporulation in Bacillus subtilis.jpg|alt=&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;図のキャプション 植物成長にある枯草菌（ステージI）は不利な条件にあるため、胞子形成のプロセスを開始する。好ましくない条件の例としては、必要な栄養素が不足していたり、暑すぎたり、寒すぎたりする環境が挙げられる。Zリングの締め付けから非対称（不均等）分裂が起こる（ステージII）。Zリングは複数のFtsZタンパク質がリング状に組み合わされたもので、解重合して内側に収縮を起こし、2つの娘細胞になる隔壁を形成する。2つの娘細胞のうち大きい方の母細胞は、前胞子を飲み込む（ステージIII）。次に、皮質（ステージIV）と被膜（ステージV）が胞子の周りに形成される。皮質はペプチドグリカンでできており、被膜は特定のタンパク質の数層からなる。胞子が成熟すると、細胞は溶解する（ステージVIとVII）。こうして、過酷な環境にも耐えられる遊離した内胞子が形成される。この内胞子は後に発芽して植物細胞となる。植生サイクルは、栄養豊富で適度な温度といった好条件下で起こる。これは内部分裂と成長のサイクルで、より多くの植物性の枯草菌を作り出す。&lt;/ins&gt;|thumb|187x187px|&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;図1&lt;/ins&gt;. &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;枯草菌の胞子形成過程&lt;/ins&gt;]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;[[File:Sporulation in Bacillus subtilis.jpg|alt=&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Figure Caption: The Bacillus subtilis (Stage I) in vegetative growth is in unfavorable conditions, so it begins the process of sporulation. Examples of unfavorable conditions are an environment that lacks the required nutrients, is too hot, or too cold. Asymmetric (unequal) division occurs from the tightening of the Z-ring (Stage II). The Z-ring is multiple FtsZ proteins assembled into a ring that depolymerizes to cause an inward constriction, which will form the septum that results in two daughter cells. The mother cell, which is the bigger of the two daughter cells, engulfs the pre-spore (Stage III). Next, the cortex (Stage IV) and the coat (Stage V) form around the spore. The cortex is made of peptidoglycan and the coat is composed of several layers of specific proteins. Once the spore is mature, the cell lyses (Stage VI and VII). Thus, a free endospore is formed that can withstand harsh environments. This endospore can later germinate into a vegetative cell. Vegetative cycle occurs in favorable conditions, such as nutrient abundance and a moderate temperature. This is a cycle of medial division and growth creating more vegetative Bacillus subtilis.&lt;/del&gt;|thumb|187x187px|&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Fig1&lt;/del&gt;. &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;The sporulation process of Bacillus subtilis&lt;/del&gt;]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&#039;&#039;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;枯草菌（Bacillus subtilis）&lt;/ins&gt;&#039;&#039;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;は、土壌や植物に自然に存在し、小さくて丈夫で代謝的に休眠したエンドスポアを形成する能力で知られる、桿菌であり、&lt;/ins&gt;[[Gram-positive bacteria&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;/ja&lt;/ins&gt;|&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;グラム陽性&lt;/ins&gt;]]&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;の&lt;/ins&gt;[[bacteria&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;/ja|バクテリア&lt;/ins&gt;]]&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;である。&lt;/ins&gt;&#039;&#039;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;枯草菌&lt;/ins&gt;&#039;&#039;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;は対称的に分裂して2つの&lt;/ins&gt;[[Cell division&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;/ja&lt;/ins&gt;|&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;娘細胞&lt;/ins&gt;]]&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;（&lt;/ins&gt;[[Fission (biology)&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;/ja&lt;/ins&gt;|&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;二分裂&lt;/ins&gt;]]&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;）を作ることも、非対称的に1つの環境要因（熱、&lt;/ins&gt;[[desiccation&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;/ja|乾燥&lt;/ins&gt;]]&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;、放射線、化学的攻撃など）に耐性のあるエンドスポアを生成することもできる。これは長期間環境中に持続することができます。エンドスポアは栄養ストレス時に形成され、生物が環境中で生き延びることを可能にする。エンドスポア形成のプロセスは、2つの娘細胞の根本的な&lt;/ins&gt;[[Morphology (biology)&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;/ja&lt;/ins&gt;|&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;形態&lt;/ins&gt;]]&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;と&lt;/ins&gt;[[Physiology&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;/ja&lt;/ins&gt;|&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;生理学&lt;/ins&gt;]]&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;的な変化をもたらす。このプロセスは、最終的には1つの娘細胞（スポア）の代謝活動の停止と他の娘細胞（‘母細胞’）の&lt;/ins&gt;[[lysis&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;/ja|死&lt;/ins&gt;]]&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;に伴う過程である。&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&#039;&#039;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;[[Bacillus subtilis]]&lt;/del&gt;&#039;&#039; &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;is a rod-shaped, &lt;/del&gt;[[Gram-positive bacteria|&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Gram-positive&lt;/del&gt;]] [[bacteria]] &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;that is naturally found in soil and vegetation, and is known for its ability to form a small, tough, protective and metabolically dormant [[endospore]]. &lt;/del&gt;&#039;&#039;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;B. subtilis&lt;/del&gt;&#039;&#039; &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;can divide symmetrically to make two &lt;/del&gt;[[Cell division|&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;daughter cells&lt;/del&gt;]] &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;(&lt;/del&gt;[[Fission (biology)|&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;binary fission&lt;/del&gt;]]&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;), or asymmetrically, producing a single endospore that is resistant to environmental factors such as heat, &lt;/del&gt;[[desiccation]]&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;, radiation and chemical insult which can persist in the environment for long periods of time. The endospore is formed at times of nutritional stress, allowing the organism to persist in the environment until conditions become favourable. The process of endospore formation has profound &lt;/del&gt;[[Morphology (biology)|&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;morphological&lt;/del&gt;]] &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;and &lt;/del&gt;[[Physiology|&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;physiological&lt;/del&gt;]] &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;consequences: radical post-replicative remodelling of two progeny cells, accompanied eventually by cessation of metabolic activity in one daughter cell (the spore) and death by &lt;/del&gt;[[lysis]] &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;of the other (the ‘mother cell’).&lt;/del&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-added&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;/del&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-added&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&amp;lt;div lang=&amp;quot;en&amp;quot; dir=&amp;quot;ltr&amp;quot; class=&amp;quot;mw-content-ltr&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&amp;lt;div lang=&amp;quot;en&amp;quot; dir=&amp;quot;ltr&amp;quot; class=&amp;quot;mw-content-ltr&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Fire</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://wiki.tiffa.net/w/index.php?title=Sporulation_in_Bacillus_subtilis/ja&amp;diff=140479&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>Fire: Created page with &quot;枯草菌における胞子形成&quot;</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://wiki.tiffa.net/w/index.php?title=Sporulation_in_Bacillus_subtilis/ja&amp;diff=140479&amp;oldid=prev"/>
		<updated>2024-04-17T12:25:30Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Created page with &amp;quot;枯草菌における胞子形成&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;New page&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div&gt;&amp;lt;languages /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;div lang=&amp;quot;en&amp;quot; dir=&amp;quot;ltr&amp;quot; class=&amp;quot;mw-content-ltr&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[File:Sporulation in Bacillus subtilis.jpg|alt=Figure Caption: The Bacillus subtilis (Stage I) in vegetative growth is in unfavorable conditions, so it begins the process of sporulation. Examples of unfavorable conditions are an environment that lacks the required nutrients, is too hot, or too cold. Asymmetric (unequal) division occurs from the tightening of the Z-ring (Stage II). The Z-ring is multiple FtsZ proteins assembled into a ring that depolymerizes to cause an inward constriction, which will form the septum that results in two daughter cells. The mother cell, which is the bigger of the two daughter cells, engulfs the pre-spore (Stage III). Next, the cortex (Stage IV) and the coat (Stage V) form around the spore. The cortex is made of peptidoglycan and the coat is composed of several layers of specific proteins. Once the spore is mature, the cell lyses (Stage VI and VII). Thus, a free endospore is formed that can withstand harsh environments. This endospore can later germinate into a vegetative cell. Vegetative cycle occurs in favorable conditions, such as nutrient abundance and a moderate temperature. This is a cycle of medial division and growth creating more vegetative Bacillus subtilis.|thumb|187x187px|Fig1. The sporulation process of Bacillus subtilis]]&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;#039;&amp;#039;[[Bacillus subtilis]]&amp;#039;&amp;#039; is a rod-shaped, [[Gram-positive bacteria|Gram-positive]] [[bacteria]] that is naturally found in soil and vegetation, and is known for its ability to form a small, tough, protective and metabolically dormant [[endospore]]. &amp;#039;&amp;#039;B. subtilis&amp;#039;&amp;#039; can divide symmetrically to make two [[Cell division|daughter cells]] ([[Fission (biology)|binary fission]]), or asymmetrically, producing a single endospore that is resistant to environmental factors such as heat, [[desiccation]], radiation and chemical insult which can persist in the environment for long periods of time. The endospore is formed at times of nutritional stress, allowing the organism to persist in the environment until conditions become favourable. The process of endospore formation has profound [[Morphology (biology)|morphological]] and [[Physiology|physiological]] consequences: radical post-replicative remodelling of two progeny cells, accompanied eventually by cessation of metabolic activity in one daughter cell (the spore) and death by [[lysis]] of the other (the ‘mother cell’).&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;div lang=&amp;quot;en&amp;quot; dir=&amp;quot;ltr&amp;quot; class=&amp;quot;mw-content-ltr&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
== Overview ==&lt;br /&gt;
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=== Commitment to sporulation ===&lt;br /&gt;
Although sporulation in&amp;#039;&amp;#039; B. subtilis&amp;#039;&amp;#039; is induced by starvation, the sporulation developmental program is not initiated immediately when growth slows due to nutrient limitation. A variety of alternative responses can occur, including the activation of [[Flagellum|flagellar]] motility to seek new food sources by [[chemotaxis]], the production of [[Antibacterial|antibiotics]] to destroy competing soil microbes, the secretion of hydrolytic [[enzyme]]s to scavenge extracellular proteins and [[polysaccharide]]s, or the induction of ‘[[Competence (biology)|competence]]’ for uptake of exogenous [[DNA]] for consumption, with the occasional side-effect that new genetic information is stably integrated. Sporulation is the last-ditch response to starvation and is suppressed until alternative responses prove inadequate. Even then, certain conditions must be met such as [[chromosome]] integrity, the state of chromosomal replication, and the functioning of the [[Citric acid cycle|Krebs cycle]].&lt;br /&gt;
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=== Nature of regulation ===&lt;br /&gt;
Sporulation requires a great deal of time and also a lot of energy and is essentially irreversible, making it crucial for a cell to monitor its surroundings efficiently and ensure that sporulation is embarked upon at only the most appropriate times. The wrong decision can be catastrophic: a vegetative cell will die if the conditions are too harsh, while bacteria forming spores in an environment which is conducive to vegetative growth will be out competed. In short, initiation of sporulation is a very tightly [[Regulation of gene expression|regulated]] [[Biological network|network]] with numerous checkpoints for efficient control.&lt;br /&gt;
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== Control points ==&lt;br /&gt;
Two [[Transcription (genetics)|transcriptional]] regulators, σH and Spo0A, play key roles in initiation of sporulation. Several additional proteins participate, mainly by controlling the accumulated concentration of Spo0A~P. Spo0A lies at the end of a series of inter-protein phosphotransfer reactions, Kin–Spo0F–Spo0B–Spo0A, termed as a ‘[http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/phosphorelay phosphorelay]’. The regulation of these various factors controlling the accumulated concentration of Spo0A~P, and their interactions are described in detail in [http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Gene_Regulatory_Network_for_Initiation_of_Sporulation_in_Bacillus_subtilis.png Figure2]:&lt;br /&gt;
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[[File:Gene Regulatory Network for Initiation of Sporulation in Bacillus subtilis.png|thumb|Fig2. Gene Regulatory Network for Initiation of Sporulation in Bacillus subtilis]]&lt;br /&gt;
In the table below, the term &amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;Activators&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039; refers to genes/proteins that ultimately result in initiation of sporulation and &amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;Repressors&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039; refers to the ones that inhibit this initiation of sporulation.&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable sortable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
! Activators !! Regulation !! Repressors !! Regulation&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| KinA || Transfers phosphate to the Spo0F || Sda || Blocks autophosphorylation of KinA&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| KinB || Transfers phosphate to the Spo0F || KipI || Blocks autophosphorylation of KinA&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| Spo0A || Activates several key sporulation-specific genes || Spo0A || Negatively controls transcription of abrB&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| Spo0H (σH) || Activates phrE gene || ComA || Activates competence&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| Spo0B || Phosphotransferase initiation || SinR || Negative regulation of kinB&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| Spo0F || Phosphotransferase initiation || RapA, RapB, RapE, and RapH || Dephosphorylation of Spo0F~P&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| ComA || Activates phrA || Spo0E, YisI, and YnzD || Dephosphorylation of Spo0A~P&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| SinI || Antagonist of SinR || GTP-bound CodY || Inhibits rapA-phrA&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| KipA || Inhibits kipI gene || AbrB || Encodes a repressor of spo0H&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| PhrA || Suppresses dephosphorylation activity of RapA || Hpr || Overexpression inhibits sporulation&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| PhrE  || Inhibits RapE || DnaA || Over expression of Sda&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| PhrH || Inhibits RapH ||  ||&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
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== Homologous networks in eukaryotes ==&lt;br /&gt;
Spores form a part of the life cycles of a diverse range of organisms such as many bacteria, [[plant]]s, [[algae]], [[Fungus|fungi]] and some [[protozoa]]. In &amp;#039;&amp;#039;[[Saccharomyces cerevisiae]]&amp;#039;&amp;#039; (Kingdom Fungi), the set of early genes activating sporulation is induced by Ime1 (Inducer of Meiosis 1) and a regulator of middle genes is Ndt80p.&lt;br /&gt;
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== See also ==&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Bacillus]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Sporophyte]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Bacillus subtilis]]&lt;br /&gt;
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== External links ==&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://genolist.pasteur.fr/SubtiList/ SubtiList - GenoList - Institut Pasteur]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20170628074523/http://subtiliswiki.net/wiki/index.php/Main_Page SubtilisWiki] (archived)&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://partsregistry.org/Bacillus_subtilis &amp;#039;&amp;#039;Bacillus subtilis&amp;#039;&amp;#039; - Parts Registry]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UHsqFjP1dZg Video - Sporulation in &amp;#039;&amp;#039;Bacillus subtilis&amp;#039;&amp;#039;]&lt;br /&gt;
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{{portal bar|Biology}}&lt;br /&gt;
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{{二次利用|date=3 December 2023}}&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Bacillus]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Bacteriology]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Gram-positive bacteria]]&lt;br /&gt;
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		<author><name>Fire</name></author>
	</entry>
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