FuzzyBot: Updating to match new version of source page

2024-04-03T11:46:23Z

Updating to match new version of source page

New page

<languages />
{{Short description|Chemical compound}}
{{Infobox drug
| drug_name =
| INN =
| type =
| IUPAC_name = 4,5-Bis(hydroxymethyl)-2-methylpyridin-3-ol
| image = Pyridoxin.svg
| width =
| alt =
| image2 = Pyridoxine-from-xtal-3D-bs-17.png
| width2 =
| alt2 =
| caption = Pyridoxine


| pronounce =
| tradename =
| Drugs.com = {{Drugs.com|monograph|pyridoxine-hydrochloride}}
| MedlinePlus =
| licence_EU = 
| licence_US = 
| DailyMedID = Pyridoxine
| pregnancy_AU =
| pregnancy_AU_comment = Exempt
| pregnancy_category=
| dependency_liability =
| addiction_liability =
| routes_of_administration = By mouth, intravenous (IV), intramuscular (IM), subcutaneous
| class =
| ATCvet =
| ATC_prefix = A11
| ATC_suffix = HA02
| ATC_supplemental =

| legal_AU = 
| legal_AU_comment =
| legal_CA = 
| legal_CA_comment =
| legal_DE = 
| legal_DE_comment =
| legal_NZ = 
| legal_NZ_comment =
| legal_UK = P
| legal_UK_comment =
| legal_US = OTC
| legal_US_comment = / Rx-only
| legal_UN = 
| legal_UN_comment =
| legal_status = 


| bioavailability =
| protein_bound =
| metabolism =
| metabolites =
| onset =
| elimination_half-life = several weeks (see [[#Metabolism]] for details)
| duration_of_action =
| excretion =


| CAS_number = 65-23-6
| CAS_supplemental =
| PubChem = 1054
| PubChemSubstance =
| IUPHAR_ligand =
| DrugBank = DB00165
| ChemSpiderID = 1025
| UNII = KV2JZ1BI6Z
| KEGG = D08454
| ChEBI = 16709
| ChEMBL = 1364
| NIAID_ChemDB =
| synonyms = vitamin B6, pyridoxol pyridoxine hydrochloride

| chemical_formula =
| C=8 | H=11 | N=1 | O=3
| charge=
| molecular_weight =
| SMILES = OCc1cnc(C)c(O)c1CO
| Jmol =
| StdInChI = 1S/C8H11NO3/c1-5-8(12)7(4-11)6(3-10)2-9-5/h2,10-12H,3-4H2,1H3
| StdInChI_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}
| StdInChIKey = LXNHXLLTXMVWPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N
| density =
| density_notes =
| melting_point = 159 to 162
| melting_high =
| melting_notes =
| boiling_point =
| boiling_notes =
| solubility =
| specific_rotation =
}}


'''Pyridoxine''', is a form of [[vitamin B6|vitamin B6]] found commonly in food and used as a [[dietary supplement]]. As a supplement it is used to treat and prevent [[pyridoxine deficiency]], [[sideroblastic anaemia]], [[pyridoxine-dependent epilepsy]], certain [[metabolic disorders]], side effects or complications of [[isoniazid]] use, and certain types of [[mushroom poisoning]]. It is used by mouth or by injection.


It is usually well tolerated. Occasionally side effects include headache, numbness, and sleepiness. Normal doses are safe during [[pregnancy]] and [[breastfeeding]]. Pyridoxine is in the [[vitamin B]] family of vitamins. It is required by the body to metabolise [[amino acids]], [[carbohydrates]], and [[lipids]]. Sources in the diet include [[fruit]], [[vegetables]], and [[food grain|grain]].

==Medical uses==
As a treatment (oral or injection), it is used to treat or prevent [[pyridoxine deficiency]], [[sideroblastic anaemia]], [[pyridoxine-dependent epilepsy]], certain [[metabolic disorders]], side effects of [[isoniazid]] treatment and certain types of [[mushroom poisoning]]. Isoniazid is an [[antibiotic]] used for the treatment of [[tuberculosis]]. Common side effect include [[peripheral neuropathy|numbness in the hands and feet]]. Co-treatment with vitamin B6 alleviates the numbness. Pyridoxine-dependent epilepsy is a type of rare infant epilepsy that does not improve with typical anti-seizure medications.

Pyridoxine in combination with [[doxylamine]] is used as a treatment for [[morning sickness]] in pregnant women.

==Side effects==
It is usually well tolerated, though overdose toxicity is possible. Occasionally side effects include headache, numbness, and sleepiness. Pyridoxine overdose can cause a peripheral sensory neuropathy characterized by poor coordination, numbness, and decreased sensation to touch, temperature, and vibration. Healthy human blood levels of pyridoxine are 2.1–21.7 ng/mL. Normal doses are safe during [[pregnancy]] and [[breastfeeding]].

==Mechanism==
Pyridoxine is in the [[vitamin B]] family of vitamins. It is required by the body to make [[amino acids]], [[carbohydrates]], and [[lipids]]. Sources in the diet include [[fruit]], [[vegetables]], and [[food grain|grain]].
It is also required for muscle phosphorylase activity associated with glycogen metabolism.

==Metabolism==
The half-life of pyridoxine varies according to different sources: one source suggests that the half-life of ''pyridoxine'' is up to 20 days, while another source indicates half-life of ''vitamin B6'' is in range of 25 to 33 days. After considering the different sources, it can be concluded that the half-life of pyridoxine is typically measured in several weeks.

==History==
Pyridoxine was discovered in 1934, isolated in 1938, and first made in 1939. It is on the [[WHO Model List of Essential Medicines|World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines]]. Pyridoxine is available both as a [[generic medication]] and [[over the counter]] product. Foods, such as [[breakfast cereal]] have pyridoxine added in some countries.

== External links ==
* {{Commons category-inline}}
* {{cite web| url = https://druginfo.nlm.nih.gov/drugportal/name/pyridoxine | publisher = U.S. National Library of Medicine| work = Drug Information Portal| title = Pyridoxine }}
* [http://gmd.mpimp-golm.mpg.de/Spectrums/73e34958-2680-41b1-a8d7-40e1650703bc.aspx Pyridoxine mass spectrum]

{{Vitamin}}
{{Portal bar|Medicine}}

{{二次利用|date=2 April 2024}}
[[Category:B vitamins]]
[[Category:Hydroxypyridines]]
[[Category:World Health Organization essential medicines]]
[[Category:Wikipedia medicine articles ready to translate]]
[[Category:Cofactors]]
[[Category:Primary alcohols]]
[[Category:Triols]]

Pyridoxine/en - Revision history

FuzzyBot: Updating to match new version of source page